【#Podcast更新了】
#菜雞變司機
EP4:為什麼不該拿學校教的東西來投資?只要學會這些就不用花大錢去上 _____ 了!(財管篇)
🎙️ Podcast 連結:https://gamma.soci.vip/
✍🏻 分析全文:https://gamma.to/notes/qnl4cB0ycao1f0VhjB28
🔖 財務管理課程中唯一重要的概念就是「未來的一塊錢跟今天的一塊錢不等價」。這樣的概念就被稱為 DCF (Discount Cash Flow,折現現金流)。在投資領域裡面,除了 DCF 沒有其他事情是真的有用的。
以下我們列出大學通常會教的課程內容,並來一個一個檢視這些概念與知識是否對投資人是有幫助的。
🔖 1) DCF (Discount Cash Flow,折現現金流):
這是在財金領域中唯一重要的觀念。如果你預期在 1 年後收到 $100,那這個未來的 $100 將會被折現因子所折現,來換算成現在的價值 (aka 現值 Present value)。打個比方,若折現率為 10%,那麼一年後的 $100,現在的價值為 $90.9 (= $100 / (1 + 10%))。那若情況改變,若是你預期將在 5 年後收到 $100,那麼在同樣 10% 的折現率下,這 5 年後的 $100 的現值變成 $62.1 (= $100 / (1 + 10%)^5 )。只要你了解這個概念,你就可以從商學院畢業了。
🔖 2) 財務報表分析:
這是一個經典的「分析完了,然後呢?」的分析,財金教授很熱情的在教這些給學生們,但這些教授甚至也不知道這些分析到底哪裡有用 (主筆:答案就是這些分析其實沒用)。這些分析最大的問題在於這種分析都是 backward looking (回顧過去的分析)。但投資最重要的是對未來的預測,你只會想要透過對於未來的預測而投資,而不是因為過去的財務數字如何去決定該如何投資。
🔖 3) 資產定價模型 (Capital Asset Pricing Model,CAPM):
CAPM 的概念很簡單,這個模型潛在的假設是認為整個市場 (S&P 500) 會上漲或下跌都是基於經濟的前景。而這樣的波動在一些經濟敏感度低的產業中較不明顯 (受總體經濟的影響較小),這種產業有像是健康照護、公用事業、民生必需品,但對於某些經濟敏感度高的產業中會更明顯,比如說工業、非必須消費品等等。而這個波動可以透過 beta 值來衡量,即衡量金融資產相對於對標指數的敏感度。
🔖 4) 加權平均資金成本 (Weighted Average Cost of Capital) (WACC is Whack lol):
現在你知道怎麼計算權益的資金成本了,你可以透過將權益的資金成本和債務的資金成本結合在一起,算出資本成本 (cost of capital)。比如說,如果 A 公司有 $50 的權益、$50 的債務,權益的資金成本為 4%,債務的資金成本為 2% (稅率為 20%),那麼資本成本將為 2.8% (4% * 50% + 2% * (1 - 20%) * 50%)。這就是 WACC 的概念。你可以使用 WACC,並透過未來的無槓桿自由現金流來算出企業價值。
🔖 5) 現代投資組合理論 (Modern Portfolio Theory):
現代投資組合理論的基本概念是,將沒有相關性或是有著負相關性的多個資產組合在一起,可以達到更高的風險調整後報酬。這也是基本上為何投資人需要將資產配置到債券中,儘管債券往往相對於股票有著更低的預期報酬。
🔖 6) 夏普比率 (Sharpe Ratio):
不像其他 Gamma 在這篇文章所提到的東西,Sharpe ratio 是真的在真實世界中最有用的概念。Sharpe ratio 就是在衡量風險調整後的報酬。
雖然 Sharpe ratio 公式對不是數學家的投資人來說可能會看起來有點複雜,但是你不需要去記這個公式。投資人唯一需要記得的是「越高的 Sharpe ratio 越好」,相對於追求更高的報酬,更高的 Sharpe ratio 可能才是更重要的目標。
🔖 7) 股利政策:
財金領域最重要的基本概念是,「透過股利支付或是買回在外流通股票來回饋給權益持有者,並不會改變權益持有者的價值」。
🔖 8 ) 實質選擇權 (Real Option):
一個新的投資項目因為很新,所以它可能會有非常多種不同的結果,因此要去估計該專案未來的現金流是很困難的。實質選擇權是一個替代的概念,與其去為一個專案做一堆假設很難預期的假設 (如:營收、獲利率和現金流等),實質選擇權鼓勵投資人去做出一些更難的假設,比如說結果的波動性、該專案的成長耐久性,來透過選擇權定價公式 (Black & Scholes) 去計算該專案的價值。
🔖 9) 效率市場假說 (Efficient Market Hypothesis):
效率市場假說是一種財務經濟學中的假說,該假說認為資產的價格會反應市場全部可得的資訊。這個概念直接的暗示就是「要想在風險調整的基礎下一直打敗市場是不可能的」,因為價格應該只會對新的資訊有所反應。
#各項細節於全文中
同時也有12部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過3萬的網紅Ms Kuan,也在其Youtube影片中提到,Hello everybody! WELCOME BACK TO MY CHANNEL MSKUAN I’m so excited to share this with you guys as it has truly been the biggest decision that I’ve ...
average cost 在 Facebook 的最佳解答
Ramai yang kta makan sihat mahal.
Dengar dan tengok ni
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Thank you @prince_ea Posted @withregram • @prince_ea Leave a ❤️ if you try to eat HEALTHY.
Eating healthy is NOT a COST, it’s an INVESTMENT.
First of all, when you eat nutrient dense whole Foods as opposed to processed you will get fuller faster with smaller servings. So you spend less money because you eat less and It’s not empty calories.
Eating Healthy can seem like it may cost you more upfront but you make up those savings in doctors visits and decreased healthcare costs. Here’s what “sick care” can look like.
Heart bypass surgery costs $75,000
Dialysis - on average $86,537 per medicare beneficiary every year
Open heart surgery is about $324,000.
Liver Transplant Cost - $577,100
Not to mention the cost of medications, also the pain and suffering of dealing with illness.
The pain of not being able to run outside, bend over, pick up and play with your kids
Because that right there is = priceless.
Nak makan sihat?
Jom join #divakurusbynouruldepp
Klik link di bio @nouruldepp
average cost 在 Facebook 的最佳解答
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average cost 在 Ms Kuan Youtube 的最讚貼文
Hello everybody! WELCOME BACK TO MY CHANNEL MSKUAN
I’m so excited to share this with you guys as it has truly been the biggest decision that I’ve made after contemplating for 23 years of my life ??
Dr Ryan Raj is such a professional Orthodontist, I had a really pleasant time visiting him for my Invisalign treatments ? He’s very friendly and patient, just ask him for clarification if you have any doubts and he’ll immediately tend to your needs.
Note :
It’s a relief that I can eat anything that I want.
? BEFORE EATING
When I want to eat, just remove and rinse off the aligners. It’s very convenient as well as I can pop the aligners in the container.
? AFTER EATING
After eating, I’ll just rinse my mouth and put the aligners back on.
Details :
How much does my Invisalign treatment cost?
Hospital wishes to keep the price confidential due to restrictions from policies to publicly state the price.
However, I noticed that there are a few of you who are interested to know about the cost of my Invisalign treatment. And I don’t want to miss out replying anyone individually ? Therefore I have been given permission to share because of this.
All the planning and manufacturing of the Invisalign aligners are from overseas, the average cost of Invisalign in the US is USD 6000 and this may be subjected to change.
There are simple , moderate and comprehensive Invisalign packages. Dr Ryan’s standard of care is quite high and he has given me the comprehensive package as he believes this package is best suited in giving me a great smile.
The comprehensive package includes : unlimited aligners for the next 5 years to ensure that my teeth are moving properly.
Therefore the cost of my own individual treatment is RM20,000.
Everybody’s condition is different, to know more about how to straighten your teeth and also the specific treatment needed for you, I’ll recommend an appointment with Dr Ryan Raj for a consultation.
Do call up 04-2227701/ 7702 to make an appointment with Dr Ryan Raj and he will examine & give detailed explanations!
?For any enquires about Invisalign, kindly reach out to my dentist here:
Instagram: @rajinderpal.singh @penangadventisthospital
Facebook: Adventist Hospital - https://www.facebook.com/pahpg/
Website: https://www.pah.com.my
Stay tuned to my Insta stories and future vlogs for more updates about my Invisalign journey ?
Stay safe ??❤️
Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/ms_kuan/
Blogger: http://mskuan.com/
Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/christinna.kuan
Thank you for watching. Please subscribe, like & share this video!

average cost 在 Zermatt Neo Youtube 的最讚貼文
For this video, I headed over to the Cai Png (mixed economic rice) store at Gourmet Express food court in Bishan to assemble and demolish a 5KG plate of Cai Png. Cai Png is a Southeast Asian concept where you get to choose an assortment of side dishes ala carte to go with your serving(s) of rice at extremely affordable prices. Shout-out to my good friend Wilsurn Lim for the Cai Png recommendation!
Dishes come prepared in every way imaginable, be it braised, deep fried, steamed or stewed, and it would be difficult to exhaust all their permutations of chicken, pork, fish and vegetables. For the cost-conscious, vegetable options are the cheapest, followed by chicken and pork, with the most expensive being fish. Although most of these dishes are cooked in bulk, they usually taste at least adequately, especially when you factor in the price, with a few stand-out sides depending on the store you are at.
As times are bad now, I tried to be economical with this challenge, resulting in a 5kg plate of food that only cost me SGD$22! The cost for your average person should only be $3-5 depending on how extravagant you wish to be with your sides. I managed to complete this challenge in just under 32 minutes!
The one that I went is at Bishan Interchange, Blk 514A! Do head down to your nearest Cai Png place to get good and affordable food!
Connect with me!
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/zermattneofls
Instagram - http://instagram.com/zermattneo
Tee Shirts - https://www.bonfire.com/eating-things/

average cost 在 Tina Yong Youtube 的最佳貼文
Did I waste my money again or did I find my dream dress? Here's part 2 of "Tina Tries Cheap Online Wedding Dresses" - well these ones aren't dirt cheap like the Wish ones but they're still much cheaper than the average cost of a wedding gown.
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? EQUIPMENT I USE ?
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**Disclaimer: This video is not sponsored. Some of the links provided above are affiliate links meaning I do make a small commission when you purchase using the link. This does not cost you extra. You can also purchase from the brand’s websites so don’t feel obliged to use my link if you don’t want to. Thanks for all your support! xx
