每次天氣變涼的時候，會莫名的回想之前來台灣的第一天！（心酸酸der😢)
～
還記得當天下雨，14度！很冷很冷，沒什麼厚的外套
～
從機場直接到師大路那，不太習慣天氣冷的我，來到一個很陌生的地方，沒朋友沒家人，只我！那時沒地方可以住，也只會說一點中文。
～
第一個感想就台北每個地方都長的一樣🤣，不過人都好親切。
~
那時候真的很不習慣，不過我不斷的提醒自己我要堅強，提醒自己為什麼要來，反正來了就要盡快找經紀公司。
～
一路走來到現在9年了。從陌生的地方變成了家
～
遇到了不少人，不少貴人，不少朋友！有些沒聯絡了，甚至已變了陌生人。無論如何真的謝謝你們！謝謝你們成了我人生故事的小部分！
～
The weather becoming colder now. Make me remember the first day i came to taiwan.
~
From the airport straight to shida rd. It was raining, 14 degrees. Alone, no friends or family, just me. And no coat or jacket! Not even a place to stay that day.
～
9 years already. Met so many people until now, thank you for being a part of my life! No matter where you are now, thank you!
#回憶滿滿 #感恩 #感性時間 #冷冷濕濕 #水逆 #感恩之心 #感恩的心 #全白 #我的故事 #memoriesforlife❤️ #thankfulandblessed🙏 #melancholic #fullwhite #timegoesfast #mylifemystory
melancholic 中文 在 Re: [字彙] "憂鬱症" - 精華區Eng-Class 的推薦與評價
這個問題，我好像回答幾百遍了～
一般來說，精神醫學上「憂鬱症」就是用 Depression 這個這麼簡單的字
請不要想得太難！
（要是多看一點新聞、報章雜誌、英文的醫療相關網站，就會發現
憂鬱症 就是用depression，不可能用melancholia。 Orz
所以「他得了憂鬱症」就是"He's got depression." 不要用"He's got melancholia."
不然外國人還以為你在寫詩勒～ Orz）
如果你真的想要專業一點，可以用 MDD (Major Depressive Disorder) 一字 ^^v
（診斷標準 見以下參考資料A）
至於 Melancholia/Melancholy 只不過是 MDD 的一種「亞型(subtype)」而已！
（特徵 見以下參考資料B）
Hypochondria 就更遠了！因為它 根。本。不。是。憂。鬱。症。 的一種！！><;
中文通常翻「慮病症」、「臆病症」（簡單講，就是一直想著或害怕自己有某種重病）
(Def.: Hypochondriasis refers to a chronic preoccupation with and fear of
having a serious disease)
（特徵見以下參考資料C）
DSM-IV-TR 把它歸在 Somatoform disorders 之下
所以它跟憂鬱症沒啥關係！
以上我是簡單的說明
以下是精神科原文書的資料 有興趣的人可以參考看看：
參考資料A
MDD 的診斷標準：
A. At least one of the following three abnormal moods which significantly
interfered with the person's life:
1. Abnormal depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, for at least 2
weeks.
2. Abnormal loss of all interest and pleasure most of the day, nearly every
day, for at least 2 weeks.
3. If 18 or younger, abnormal irritable mood most of the day, nearly every
day, for at least 2 weeks.
B. At least five of the following symptoms have been present during the same 2
week depressed period.
1. Abnormal depressed mood (or irritable mood if a child or adolescent) [as
defined in criterion A].
2. Abnormal loss of all interest and pleasure [as defined in criterion A2].
3. Appetite or weight disturbance, either:
Abnormal weight loss (when not dieting) or decrease in appetite.
Abnormal weight gain or increase in appetite.
4. Sleep disturbance, either abnormal insomnia or abnormal hypersomnia.
5. Activity disturbance, either abnormal agitation or abnormal slowing
(observable by others).
6. Abnormal fatigue or loss of energy.
7. Abnormal self-reproach or inappropriate guilt.
8. Abnormal poor concentration or indecisiveness.
9. Abnormal morbid thoughts of death (not just fear of dying) or suicide.
C. The symptoms are not due to a mood-incongruent psychosis.
D. There has never been a Manic Episode, a Mixed Episode, or a Hypomanic
Episode.
E. The symptoms are not due to physical illness, alcohol, medication, or street
drugs.
F. The symptoms are not due to normal bereavement.
參考資料B
MDD 重要的亞型：（其中你可以看到 Melancholia）
‧ Psychotic features.
Requires treatment with an antipsychotic medication as well as an
antidepressant. Generally represents a more severe form of major depression
warranting aggressive treatment and prevention.
‧ Seasonal pattern.
Requires at least two episodes of major depression at the same season in
successive years. Clear seasonal patterns allow some predictability and
preventive treatment with phototherapy, or antidepressants in combination
with psychotherapy.
‧ Melancholia.
Severe vegetative signs of anergia, insomnia, and anorexia with diurnal
worsening in the morning. These signs of melancholia often are the first to
respond to antidepressant trials, with cognitive and affective signs following.
‧ Atypical features.
In contrast to melancholia, this subtype features overeating, oversleeping,
weight gain, and overreactive moods. It often responds better to monoamine
oxidase inhibitors than to tricyclics.
‧ Postpartum onset.
Has a 10–15% prevalence within 6 months after delivery of the child. A
previous episode of depression or bipolar disorder may justify preventive
treatment at the time of the next delivery.
參考資料C
Somatoform Disorders的種類與其特徵：（可以看到 Hypochondria）
Somatization disorder
Multiple symptoms—pain, gastrointestinal, sexual dysfunction
Symptoms vary over time
Chronic condition—often with extensive treatment history
Not intentional
Conversion disorder
Symptoms affect voluntary motor or sensory system
Symptoms do not conform to neuroanatomic structures
May reflect, symbolically, past or current stressor
Patient may not be upset by the symptoms
Not intentional
Hypochondriasis
Chronic preoccupation with having a serious disease
Patient misattributes symptom or test results
Preoccupation not solely due to affective status
Body dysmorphic disorder
Preoccupation with an imagined defect in physical appearance
May exaggerate mild anomaly
Chronic pain syndrome
Pain is the central feature
May begin after specific injury
Can lead to serious functional impairment and medication overuse
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好累～
拜託大家不要再以為「憂鬱症」是 melancholia 了！
用 Depression 就很好了！
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