分享亞勤的精彩演講。這是他上周在哥倫比亞大學工學院2020畢業典禮演講。他稱為是絕對是最大的“熵”的一屆畢業生。
本文來自人工智能學家微信公眾號
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張亞勤2020寄語哥倫比亞大學畢業生:引領未知時代
2020年5月18日,人工智慧和數位視訊的世界級科學家和企業家,美國藝術與科學院院士、百度前總裁、清華大學智慧科學講席教授張亞勤博士,在哥倫比亞大學工程學院的畢業典禮上發表了主題演講。
張亞勤說:“面對全球疫情,技術成為最關鍵的變革力量,高速網路、軟體和人工智慧等基礎技術塑造我們生活、學習、工作和娛樂方式。”他提到:“隨著世界進入一個充滿挑戰和不確定性的新階段,年輕工程師迎來了回應歷史使命的決定性時刻,不僅要以技術創新,還要以同理心、勇氣和人文主義精神來迎接使命。”
哥倫比亞大學工程學院院長瑪麗·博伊斯(MaryC. Boyce)表示:“我們很高興能請到張亞勤博士(Dr.Ya-Qin Zhang)給我們的畢業生做演講,以此來紀念這一重要的里程碑。”她談到:“我們的畢業生將進入一個變化的世界,他們也將成為時代變化的締造者。學生們將受益張亞勤博士的觀點,其非凡職業道路也將鼓舞學生們。”(引用哥倫比亞大學新聞報導)
以下為百度前總裁、清華大學智慧科學講席教授張亞勤在2020年哥倫比亞大學工程學院畢業典禮上的致辭全文:
尊敬的Bollinger校長, Boyce院長,家長們,同學們,大家好。
我很榮幸能夠在這個非常時期,以特殊的形式出席這次特別的典禮。首先,恭喜2020屆畢業生,對你們取得的傑出成就表示衷心祝賀。你們做到了!
我也是一名哥倫比亞大學的學生家長。我的兒子現在哥大工學院二年級學生,我女兒是哥大商學院2020屆的畢業生。我想與所有家長分享這份難以言表的喜悅和驕傲,我們都做到了!
這無疑是我們有生記憶以來最具挑戰性和不確定性的一個時期。
我們不僅看到了科技創新的極速進步和第四次工業革命的巨大力量,人工智慧、納米技術、量子電腦和5G通信等等技術不斷突破。
我們還目睹了百年一遇的流行疾病在全球範圍內帶來的突發性破壞和災難性影響,對我們的社會基礎、經濟結構和生活方式帶來挑戰。
對於那些學習過熱力學第二定律的人來說,“熵”這個術語一定不陌生,它表示動態系統中的混沌程度(Chaos)。資訊理論的創始者Claud Shannon將這一概念擴展到了資訊的不確定性和隨機性。可以說,2020屆畢業生是被賦予“熵”值最高的一屆。未來的不可預測和混沌程度都是前所未有的。對你們如此,對我們所有人也是如此。
與你們的交流令我回想起我的學生時代和年輕時的工程師工作經歷。1990年畢業後,我的第一份工作是開發演算法,壓縮圖像和視頻,完成遠端傳輸,對國際標準MPEG和H.26x做出一點小貢獻:MPEG和H.26x也是如今Netflix、YouTube、Skype和Zoom等流行視頻應用程式的重要基礎。在過去的三十年裡,我有幸一直在激動人心的創新技術中徜徉, HDTV、自動駕駛、人工智慧和雲計算等等。在這一路走來,收穫的不僅是無窮的樂趣,也有超凡的艱辛。我想跟同學們分享我的三個體會:
1)在數據爆炸和不斷變化的世界中,成為具備強適應能力的學習者。在瞬息萬變的技術行業中,五年前學到的知識大多已無用處。你們在哥倫比亞大學中學習到最有價值的是學習新知的能力,是從繁雜噪音中分別信號的能力,是從眾多數據中提取“熵”的能力。我有一個行之有效的習慣,每天早上花10分鐘,找出對我而言最新的發現或最重要的3件事情,當天來學習。
2) 要擁有獨特的觀點和視角。當你們進入現實世界,會自然而然的開始被“打磨”,去遵循已有的趨勢,融入他人。我懇請你們保持自己的尖銳、棱角和與眾不同。當我與年輕工程師面聊時,我期待他們的觀點、他們的“熵”、他們鮮活的想法,這些遠比圓滑、打磨、“正確”要重要得多。
3) 無論做什麼事情,要秉承道德和人性。兩千多年前,偉大的希臘思想家蘇格拉底將道德作為追求真理的靈魂。大約同一時期,偉大的中國哲學家孔子把人性的“仁義”作為社會結構的基礎。在截然不同的文化下,兩位偉大思想家所見略同,並非巧合。今天,當我們面臨更多選擇、迷茫和誘惑時,這一點就變得更加重要。技術是中立的,但創新者是有使命的。技術是工具,但技術人員是為人類服務的。院長Mary Boyce對哥倫比亞工學院提出的願景“技術以人為本”是工程學的核心,也是我們工程師和技術人員的宗旨。
年輕的朋友們,對你們而言,這是一個決定性的時刻,請盡情的用你們的才華、激情和創新,更用你們的同理心,勇氣和人性,去展現,去閃耀,回應使命的召喚!
再次恭喜你們,2020屆畢業生!
以下是哥倫比亞大學對張亞勤作為畢業生典禮發言人的報導和過往成就的介紹
https://engineering.columbia.edu/news/class-day-2020-ya-qin-zhang
人工智慧和數位視訊的世界級科學家和企業家,百度前總裁張亞勤於2020年5月18日,在哥倫比亞大學工程學院的畢業典禮上發表主題演講。因為疫情的緣故,演講和畢業典禮將採取提前錄製形式,發送給全球的畢業生及其家人。
百度作為科技巨頭,向全球超過20億人提供包括移動互聯網和雲計算等服務,張亞勤曾負責智慧駕駛、雲計算、新興業務和公司的技術部門。是一位廣受讚譽的科學家和技術專家和創新領導者。他是聯合國、世界經濟論壇和許多公共論壇的領導人和發言人,積極討論新技術對社會變革性的影響以及如何縮小數位鴻溝。2018年,他帶領百度成為第一家加入國際人工智慧道德組織AI (PAI)的中國公司,目前也是全球最大自動駕駛開源平臺Apollo理事會的主席。
張亞勤說:“面對全球疫情,技術成為最關鍵的變革力量,高速網路、軟體和人工智慧等基礎技術塑造我們生活、學習、工作和娛樂方式。”他提到:“隨著世界進入一個充滿挑戰和不確定性的新階段,年輕工程師迎來了回應歷史使命的決定性時刻,不僅要以技術創新,還要以同理心、勇氣和人文主義精神來迎接使命。”
加入百度之前,張亞勤擔任了16年Microsoft的高管,任公司全球資深副總裁和微軟亞州研究院院長。2011年,他在中國創立了微軟風險投資加速器(Microsoft VentureAccelerator)。作為中國最有活力的創業引擎之一,該加速器已經幫助孵化了200多家公司。
張亞勤將在7月加入清華大學,擔任AI科學講席教授,並創立智慧產業研究院(AIR),將專注於第四次工業革命中的技術,包括自動駕駛,人工智慧、物聯網以及神經網路計算。
哥倫比亞大學工程學院院長瑪麗·博伊斯(MaryC. Boyce)表示:“我們很高興能請到張亞勤博士(Dr.Ya-Qin Zhang)給我們的畢業生做演講,以此來紀念這一重要的里程碑。”她談到:“在這個非凡的時代,沒有人能夠更好地講述技術在我們生活中扮演的角色,來描述技術在創造一個更緊密、更安全、更有創造力的人類社會中的潛力。無論工作還是社交,我們比以往任何時候都更加依賴技術來保持聯繫,我們的畢業生將進入一個變化的世界,他們也將成為時代變化的締造者。學生們將受益張亞勤博士的觀點,其非凡職業道路也將鼓舞學生們。”
張亞勤在12歲進入中國科技大學少年班,並獲得電氣工程學士和碩士學位。之後前往美國獲得喬治華盛頓大學的理學博士學位。他畢業于哈佛大學高管商業課程,在職業生涯的早期,曾擔任新澤西州普林斯頓(現為SRI)的Sarnoff Corp多媒體實驗室總監,還曾是GTE Labs(現為Verizon)的高級技術人員。
張亞勤是美國藝術與科學院院士和澳大利亞國家工程院院士。
1997年,年僅31歲的他,成為有史以來最年輕的科學家,被任命為IEEE會士。他撰寫了550多篇論文、12本書,並獲得了62項美國專利,為視頻編碼、流媒體、互聯網服務等領域的演算法和理論制定了全球標準。被IT時報、CNBC、《商業週刊》和全球商務評為亞洲十大CEO、年度CEO、50位全球傑出人物和十大創新者。
張亞勤博士是哥倫比亞工學院2022屆學生和2020屆商學院畢業生的家長,他同時還是哥倫比亞工學院訪問委員會的成員,也是哥倫比亞商學院的高級學者。
張亞勤哥倫比亞大學畢業典禮演講英文原文:
Leading in times ofuncertainty
President Bollinger, Dean Boyce, Parentsand Students:
I am honored to be here at this veryspecial occasion, at a very special time, in the most special form. First, abig congratulation to the class of 2020 for your remarkable accomplishments. Youmade it!
I am also a proud parent of Columbia.My son is a rising junior at the engineering school, and my daughter is also aclass 2020 for the business school. I share the immense joy and incrediblepride with all the parents, we all made it too!
This is undoubtedly the mostchallenging and uncertain time in our living memory.
We see the staggering pace ofinnovation and the transformative power of the fourth industrial revolution,with technology breakthroughs such as artificial intelligence, nano-technology,quantum computing, and 5G advanced communications.
We also see the sudden disruption andcatastrophic impact of the once-in-a-century pandemic at a global scale thatchallenges the very foundation of our social fabric, economic structure, andlife style.
For those of you who have learned the 2ndlaw of thermodynamics, you know the term “entropy”, which represents degree of chaosin a dynamic system. Claud Shannon, the founding father of information theory,extended this notion to measure information uncertainty and randomness. It’s fair to say that the Class of 2020 is the one that is “given” the highest entropy. The level ofunpredictability and chaos is unprecedented for you -- and for all of us.
Talking with you reminds me of my earlyyears as a student and young engineer. My first job after graduation in 1990was developing algorithms to compress imagery and video for remote transmission,essentially to extract the maximum entropy. The work eventuallycontributed in a small way to a set of international standards known as MPEGand H.26x, the base for today’s popular video applications used in Netflix, YouTube, Skype andZoom. Over last three decades, I had the distinct opportunity to work on someof the most exciting technologies such as HDTV, autonomous driving, AI, and cloudcomputing. I have had the wildest ride with not only a great deal of fun, butalso extraordinary hardship along the way. Let me share with you three of mypersonal learnings:
1) Be an adaptive learner in the world of dataexplosion and constant change. In today’s fast changing technology industry, most of what you learned fiveyears ago is irrelevant. The most valuable skill you’vegained at Columbia is the ability to learn new things, to discern the signalfrom the noise, and to extract entropy from the ocean of data. One routine Ifind particularly helpful is to commit just 10 minutes each morning and prioritize3 things – anything new and important to me – to learn that day.
2) Have a unique point of view and perspective. When you get into the realworld, there is a natural tendency to become “polished”, to follow existing trends, and toblend in with the rest.
I ASK you tomaintain your sharpness, your edge, and your differences. When I interviewpeople, particularly young engineers, I look for their point of view, theirentropy, and their flash of ideas, which to me is far more important than beingsmooth, polished or “correct”.
3) Hold Ethics and humanity at theheart of what you do. Over 2000 years ago, the great Greek thinker Sock-ruh-tease put ethics as the soul forthe pursuit of truth. Around the same time, the great Chinese philosopher Confuciusplaced “Renyi”, whichessentially means humanity, as the foundation for social structure. It is nocoincidence that two of the greatest minds from vastly different cultures hadthe same idea. This has become even more critical today as we all face morechoices, confusion, and temptations. Technology is neutral, but innovatorshave purpose. Engineering is a tool, but engineers serve humanity. “Engineering for Humanity”, the vision set byDean Mary Boyce for Columbia engineering is the very core of engineering andwhat engineers are all about.
My youngfriends, this is the defining moment for you, for you to rise, to shine andanswer the historic call of duty, with not only your talent, spark andinnovations, but also compassion, courage and humanity.
Congratulations again, Class 2020 !
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Continue ReadingLuxembourg, the most GDP per capita country in the world / by investing man
If it comes to small countries
But can make a huge income per capita
Most of us think of Singapore
But indeed.
There is another country in our world with just size.
Bangkok with nonthaburi
But can make the number 1 per capita income in the world
That country is luxembourg..
A lot of people may not be familiar with this name.
The question is where is this country?
Luxembourg is located west of Europe with no exit to the sea.
And adjacent to powerful countries like Germany, France and Belgium
This country has 2,586 square kilometers with a population of only 600,000 people.
Interesting is GDP per capita of this country
Number 1 is Luxembourg. There is GDP per head. 3.5 million baht.
Number 2 AND 3 ARE MACAU and Switzerland. There are GDP per head. 2.6 million baht.
Number 8 AND 9 Are USA and Singapore. There is GDP per capita. 2.0 million baht.
Number 26 is Japan. There is GDP per head. 1.3 million baht.
Number 72 is China. There is GDP per head. 3.1 hundred thousand baht.
The number 87 is Thai. There is GDP per head. 2.3 hundred thousand baht.
So what good is Luxembourg?
If it comes to Thailand, the tourism industry would be the main source of income
But for Luxembourg, the main industry is to provide financial and banking services.
Luxembourg has a policy that protects confidentiality and provides huge benefits to foreign investments such as cheaper tax thinking.
Foreign companies can set up companies in Luxembourg and can transfer money back to their country with tax deducted at a very low rate.
That's why luxembourg is called tax haven or low tax land
Therefore, many foreign funds come into Luxembourg, such as big companies like Amazon and Microsoft.
Interesting is that this country is the center of large fund around the world.
Luxembourg currently has the world'S 2th largest fund size, only United States.
With assets under administration over 132.3 trillion baht.
All International funds in the world are over 62 % registered in Luxembourg.
136 foreign banks from 29 countries are located here.
The interesting thing is why people around the world trust Luxembourg so much. Why not afraid that money will be taken easily.
Must say the key factor is transparency and political stability.
Luxembourg is currently the world's number 9th least corruption country.
The World's number 2 economic and politically stable
It is also arranged to have credibility rates (credit rating) from 3 main institutions of the world like standard & poor's, Fitch and moody's at AAA level.
There are only 11 countries in the world..
However, at present, the awakening of each country to prevent offshore company or set up foreign companies to avoid tax is getting more.
We will have to keep track of how future luxembourg situation will be.
But what's nice to learn of this is that in every country with high progress, no matter how big or small the area is.
Transparency is always a key factor..
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References
-https://www.luxembourgforfinance.com/en/homepage/
-https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/luxembourg
-http://statisticstimes.com/economy/countries-by-projected-gdp-capita.php
-http://worldpopulationreview.com/
-https://www.alfi.lu/en-GB/Pages/About-us
-https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/100115/why-luxembourg-considered-tax-haven.asp
-https://www.transparency.org/cpi2018Translated