關於 operating model design ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

BMW M135i vs Mercedes AMG A35 vs Mini Clubman JCW

For years now, #BMW has been insisting that the vast majority of 1-Series customers are not worried about whether the engine drives the front or rear wheels. It would therefore be a shame for the same customers that the new 1-Series switched to front-wheel drive, unless in that case as #M135i ... which is now systematically linked to the xDrive four-wheel drive. What about the sporty temperament without the typical driving behavior of a rear-wheel driver? And what driving sensations can we expect from a chassis that is ultimately designed for a front wheel tractor? Does the 135i actually deserve its M badge? These are all questions we try to answer based on a comparative test of BMW's youngest sportsman with two of his biggest competitors: the #Mercedes-#AMG A 35 4Matic and the #Mini #Clubman JCW All4.

The changeover to the BMW front-wheel-drive architecture is reflected in the new proportions and flowing, elongated lines of the all-new BMW 1-Series. The shorter bonnet melts into the windscreen, while the long roofline drops away slightly towards the rear. A wide tail with an athletic shoulderline above the rear wheel arches emphasises the car's powerful, sporty presence when viewed from behind. At the same time, the compact body offers significantly more space within a footprint almost identical to the predecessor model's and so makes the car even more versatile in everyday use. At 4,319 millimetres, the new BMW 1-Series is five millimetres shorter than its predecessor. In terms of width (now 1,799 millimetres), this third-generation model has grown by 34 millimetres while its height (1,434 mm) has increased by 13 millimetres. At 2,670 millimetres, the wheelbase is 20 millimetres shorter than that of the predecessor model.

Of the various engines available for the new BMW 1-Series, it is the newly developed four-cylinder unit under the bonnet of the BMW M135i xDrive that really steals the show. It is the BMW Group's most powerful four-cylinder engine, extracting 225 kW (306 hp) from its 2.0-litre displacement between 5,000 and 6,250 rpm with the help of BMW TwinPower Turbo technology. Its peak torque of 450 Nm (332 lb-ft) comes on stream at 1,750 rpm and stays there up to 4,500 rpm. The flagship model races to 100 km/h (62 mph) from rest in just 4.8 seconds (4.7 seconds with M Performance package, available from 11/2019), while top speed is limited to 250 km/h (155 mph). Despite such breathtaking performance figures, the BMW M135i xDrive makes do with 7.1 - 6.8 litres of fuel per 100 kilometres (39.8 - 41.5 mpg imp) on the combined cycle and emits just 162 - 155 grams of CO2 per kilometre.

Emotional, agile and digital: with the A35 4MATIC Mercedes-AMG is presenting a completely new entry-level model to the world of driving performance. It is based on the new Mercedes compact vehicle platform and is powered by a new 2.0-litre four-cylinder turbo engine with output of 225 kW (306 hp). Body shell, suspension, all-wheel drive, transmission, drive programs, fine tuning - every detail has been designed for maximum driving dynamics without compromising on everyday comfort. The performance at sports car level (acceleration 0-100 km/h in 4.7 seconds) and the specific design also strengthen its identity as a member of the performance family. A true AMG for the Hot Hatch stage!

The AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT 7G dual-clutch transmission also contributes to the agile and dynamic character of the new A35 4MATIC. The gear ratios have been configured so that the driver experiences very spontaneous acceleration in all speed ranges, combined with fast shifting and optimum connections when shifting up. The standard RACE-START function allows maximum acceleration from stationary and is a highly emotional experience. The functions of the AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT 7G transmission are rounded off with a temporary M mode activated by operating the steering wheel shift paddles in any driving mode, and with the manual transmission mode "M" for manual gear shifting with the shift paddles.

As the power source for extreme driving fun, the comprehensively redesigned 4-cylinder engine has been consistently oriented towards maximum output. It is based on the 2.0 litre drive from the MINI Cooper S Clubman and MINI Cooper S Countryman but has now undergone model-specific modifications to the crankshaft drive and also benefits from the latest generation of MINI TwinPower Turbo technology. These modifications are based on the John Cooper Works' racing know-how and comprise a reinforced crankshaft, a main bearing with an extended cross-section, specific pistons, connecting rods, and a new vibration damper with optimised cooling.

The high-performance drive of the new MINI John Cooper Works Clubman and the new MINI John Cooper Works Countryman generates a maximum torque of 450 Nm in the broad engine speed range between 1 750 and 4 500 rpm, which is around 28 percent higher than that of the previous engine. The maximum output of the new 4-cylinder engine has been increased by approximately 32 percent. The new top level of 225 kW/306 hp is reached between 5 000 and 6 250 rpm. The resulting pulling power enables the new engine of the MINI John Cooper Works Clubman to produce an acceleration performance of 0 to 100 km/h in 4.9 seconds, while the figure for the new MINI John Cooper Works Countryman is 5.1 seconds, ensuring an impressive level of elasticity during spontaneous speed bursts. For the first time with MINI vehicles, the maximum speed of the new top sports performer is now electronically limited to 250 km/h.

【美國核管會回信核電廠與斷層距離】
#別再相信資深反核人士的謠言 #寫信去問NRC囉
大概兩個月前寫信去給美國核管會NRC，今天打開信箱發現他們在我生日休假那天回信了XDD，人生成就解鎖(1/1 美國核管會回覆信件)。

我主要是想詢問到底核電廠選址與斷層的距離是否有清楚的規範？答案是 #沒有規定電廠選址與斷層的距離到底要多少或禁止核電廠建置於斷層周邊，而是要求特定距離的核電廠設施必須做地質危害評估以及禁得起地震考驗這樣。台灣也有做SSHAC，但還沒看到正式出爐的報告(就陳大教授搶先披露那個)。

然後她詳細列了一堆NRC評估核電廠附近能動斷層的步驟以及法條，我相信陳教授或DPP不分區第二名應該都沒看過任何一條啦。

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Dear Mr. Chen,

Thank you for your questions related to whether the NRC has regulations that state how far a nuclear power plant (NPP) should be located from a fault that might move and cause earthquakes. The following paragraphs respond to your questions. As you requested, this response also cites NRC regulations that explain how the NRC analyzes potential hazard at a NPP resulting from earthquakes caused by movement along a fault located near the NPP.

#這段很重要
The US NRC does not have a regulation that specifies the distance required between a fault and a nuclear power plant (NPP). However, in Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations (10 CFR), specifically 10 CFR Part 50 (Domestic Licensing of Production and Utilization Materials), Appendix A, Criterion 2, the NRC requires safety-related structures, systems, and components (SSCs) of a NPP to be designed to withstand the effects of natural phenomena such as earthquakes without losing the capability to perform their safety functions.

美國NRC沒有規定斷層和核電廠（NPP）之間所需距離的法規。但是，在聯邦法規（10 CFR）的標題10中，尤其是10 CFR第50部分（生產和使用材料的國內許可）附錄A，準則2中，NRC要求與安全相關的結構，系統和組件（ NPP的SSC）旨在承受地震等自然現象的影響而又不喪失執行其安全功能的能力。

As defined in 10 CFR Part 50, Appendix S (Earthquake Engineering Criteria for Nuclear Plants), a Safe Shutdown Earthquake (SSE) is the vibratory ground motion for which certain SSCs must be designed to remain functional if an earthquake occurs. 10 CFR Part 100.23(c) (Geological, Seismological, and Engineering Characteristics) requires that geological, seismological, and engineering characteristics of a site and its environs be investigated in sufficient scope and detail to permit an adequate evaluation of the proposed site, provide sufficient information to support evaluations performed to estimate the SSE vibratory ground motion, and permit adequate engineering solutions to actual or potential geologic and seismic effects at the proposed site. Part 100.23(d) (Geologic and Seismic Siting Factors) requires that geologic and seismic siting factors considered for design include a determination of the SSE vibratory ground motion for the site and the potential for surface deformation due to faulting (i.e., tectonic deformation of the ground surface). Part 100.23(d)(1) (Determination of the Safe Shutdown Earthquake Ground Motion) requires that uncertainties in SSE vibratory ground motion estimates be addressed through an appropriate analysis (e.g., a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis, or PSHA) with due consideration for the geologic characteristics specified in 10 CFR Part 100.23(c). For a fault that is considered to be a potential source of earthquakes (i.e., a seismic source), that geologic feature can be analyzed using the Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee (SSHAC) process. That process is a formal approach for incorporating information about the fault into a model used to characterize the fault as a seismic source, which is analyzed as part of the SSHAC process.

In Regulatory Guide 1.208 (A Performance-Based Approach to Define the Site-Specific Earthquake Ground Motion). the NRC provides guidance for applicants and licensees regarding how to meet the regulatory requirements discussed above. In addition, criteria for NRC staff to review applications for constructing and operating a nuclear power plant related to geologic, seismic, and geotechnical site characteristics are found in Chapter 2.5 of NUREG-0800, the NRC’s Standard Review Plan. If assessment of the potential for surface deformation must be considered because a fault is located such that it could result in surface rupture at the NPP site and deformation of engineered plant structures as required in 10 CFR Part 100.23(d), guidance for evaluating surface deformation is provided in NUREG-0800, Chapter 2.5.3. NUREG-2213 presents updated implementation guidelines for SSHAC studies in case you might wish to learn more about that process.

【#SupportHKfootball】My Expat Friends, please support our non-profit crowdfunding project! If you could support us by making donation of small amount, we will have the resources to conduct a study on the state of Hong Kong's football facilities and make use of such objective research findings to press the government for releasing more lands for football development!

▋Sponsor together (#Donate to football study)：
https://goo.gl/UgWaW7
▋Participate together (#Register as voluntary football researchers)：
https://goo.gl/1mS9ve

//Following the successful campaign to preserve the Kitchee centre, Support HK Football now has a bigger ambition – to crowdfund HK$40,000 and recruit volunteers to conduct a study on the state of Hong Kong’s football facilities. Cooperating with the Polytechnic University, Chan said that Support HK Football will survey users at pitches across Hong Kong on every day of the week at different times. Ultimately, Chan wants to convince the government to replicate the Kitchee model across the city. “We want these facilities to be available at different districts and for different clubs.

..... Last year, Education University professor Brian Fong founded the WeMaker non-profit crowdfunding platform, through which Support HK Football will hope to gather resources. Fong believes that the process of speaking to amateur players will empower a community that may not be used to advocacy. “You might have expected there to be a democratic government which is accountable to the people and improve lives,” said Fong. “But if the government fails to do something, you can fix it within civil society – or lead the way in persuading the government to it… it’s a community service.”//

#WeMaker #ProjectCivicAutonomy #Crowdfunding #Crowdsourcing #SponsorTogether #ParticipateTogether #SaveHongKong #WeAreHongKong #HongKongFighting #HongKong

【#SupportHKfootball】Please support us to crowdfund HK$40,000 to conduct a study on the state of Hong Kong's football facilities. With your support, we could make use of objective research findings to press the government for releasing more lands for football development! We are Hong Kong and we need your support!

▋Sponsor together (#Donate to football study)：
https://goo.gl/UgWaW7
▋Participate together (#Register as voluntary football researchers)：
https://goo.gl/1mS9ve

//Following the successful campaign to preserve the Kitchee centre, Support HK Football now has a bigger ambition – to crowdfund HK$40,000 and recruit volunteers to conduct a study on the state of Hong Kong’s football facilities. Cooperating with the Polytechnic University, Chan said that Support HK Football will survey users at pitches across Hong Kong on every day of the week at different times. Ultimately, Chan wants to convince the government to replicate the Kitchee model across the city. “We want these facilities to be available at different districts and for different clubs.

..... Last year, Education University professor Brian Fong founded the WeMaker non-profit crowdfunding platform, through which Support HK Football will hope to gather resources. Fong believes that the process of speaking to amateur players will empower a community that may not be used to advocacy. “You might have expected there to be a democratic government which is accountable to the people and improve lives,” said Fong. “But if the government fails to do something, you can fix it within civil society – or lead the way in persuading the government to it… it’s a community service.”//

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👉👉👉 “Support HK Football” follows up football development in Hong Kong and hopes to conduct a study on the state of football facilities. By surveying users at pitches across different districts, this proposed study aims to convince the government to release more lands for football development.

【Sponsor together】‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬
💵 Crowdfunding target：HK$40,000
📝 Reporting：After the completion of crowdfunding, progress reports will be released via WeMaker’s website every 3 months
💰 Use of fund：
1/ $30,000 will be spent for recruiting a project researcher and paying transport fee of volunteers
2/ $5,000 will be spent for organizing a Football Roundtable
3/ $5,000 will be spent for policy advocacy (street booths, design and printing, etc.)
*All the funds raised shall be solely used for operating this project. If the donation received exceeds the original crowdfunding target, extra funding shall be used for expanding the operation of the project.

【Participate together】‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬
💼 Duties：Surveying users at pitches across different districts
💻 Working time：Each volunteer is expected to participate in two rounds of surveys
💪 Skills：No special requirements, though football fans are better
📝 Briefing：December 3 at 15:00
🎁 Rewards：Transport fee, thank-you letter

//Friendly reminder: WeMaker website only accepts online donation via Paypal and it is a Chinese platform. If you tend not to make online donation or you don't understand Chinese, please make your crossed cheque payable to "WeMaker Limited" and send it to: "Unit C, 4/F, China Insurance Bldg., 48 Cameron Road, Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon (Attn: WeMaker Limited)". Remember to write down the project name you would like to sponsor on the back of your cheque.//

#WeMaker #ProjectCivicAutonomy #Crowdfunding #Crowdsourcing #SponsorTogether #ParticipateTogether #SaveHongKong #WeAreHongKong #HongKongFighting #HongKong

Live ชมสดการเปิดตัว All-New Nissan Note 2021 นิสสัน โน้ต โฉมใหม่ เจนเนอเรชั่นที่ 3

Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. (Headquarters: Nishi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa Prefecture, President: Makoto Uchida) announced on the 24th that it will fully remodel the "Notebook" and release it from December 23, this year (scheduled).

The "Note", which is the most popular model in Nissan's home market, is also a very important model for the business structural reform "Nissan NEXT."

The first " Note " was released in January 2005 with the concept of "a compact car that you can freely enjoy with exhilarating driving and easy-to-use equipment that has never been seen before." Since then, the notebook, which has evolved with the support of many customers, has sold a total of approximately 1.46 million units in 15 years * 1 .
Then, in November 2016, four years after the second generation was released in September 2012, it was released with Nissan's new electric powertrain "e-POWER" born from EV. The powerful and responsive acceleration unique to 100% motor drive and the excellent quietness of "electric driving" have been highly evaluated by customers and won the No. 1 registered vehicle sales in the 2018 calendar year. .. Furthermore, it rushed to become a model representing Nissan with an explosive hit, such as winning the No. 1 domestic compact car sales in the calendar year for the third consecutive year from 2017 to 2019.

* 1 As of the end of October 2020 (according to Nissan research)

The third-generation "Note" to be announced this time is based on the concept of "an advanced compact car packed with driving comfort and enjoyment that exceeds the common sense of compact cars", and the platform has been redesigned and the system has been significantly redesigned. It will be reborn as a completely new advanced compact car, including the first installation of the upgraded 2nd generation "e-POWER". The 2nd generation "e-POWER" has renewed the powertrain hardware and its control, achieving both more powerful and high-quality driving and efficiency at a high level. In addition, smooth and desired "acceleration", smooth "deceleration" control, and outstanding "quietness" unique to electric powertrains have been dramatically improved.

In addition, the driving support technology "ProPilot," which is the first compact car to be installed, is equipped with Nissan's first navigation link function. In addition, by enhancing advanced safety technologies such as "360 ° safety support" in all directions, customers can ride with peace of mind.

The design of the new "Note" embodies the keyword "Timeless Japanese Futureism" of Nissan Design, which is shifting to the new generation. The design of the new "Note", which is consistent with Nissan's first crossover EV "Nissan Aria", which made its world premiere in July this year, appeals to new values ​​and is electrified without being bound by the common wisdom of compact cars. The design makes you feel the times of.

In addition, a full-scale electric 4WD vehicle that drives four wheels with two powerful motors provided in the front and rear will be announced in December this year.

Ashwani Gupta, Chief Operating Officer of Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., said, "'e-POWER' has been recognized by the strict eyes of Japanese customers and has sold a total of 430,000 units. Further refinement of that e-POWER. The new notebook will be equipped with the second-generation e-POWER, which has further improved power, response, and quietness. Nissan will continue to increase the number of e-POWER fans with the new notebook announced today. ", Said.

ชอบไหม? เปิดตัวแล้ว The new 2021 Nissan Navara / Frontier (นิสสัน นาวาร่า / ฟรอนเทียรฺ) รุ่นปรับโฉมใหม่ พร้อมรุ่นพิเศษ Pro4X เริ่มจำหน่ายในไทย ธันวาคม 2020 นี้

YOKOHAMA, Japan – Nissan today unveiled the new Nissan Navara pickup*, that delivers an enhanced level of safety, comfort and driving pleasure, while continuing to bring durability, reliability and versatility.

The pickup, known as the Nissan Frontier in Mexico and South America, marks another milestone in the company’s Nissan NEXT transformation plan.

Over the many decades since the first Nissan pickup hit the road, the Nissan Navara has continued to accompany and empower customers in many facets of their lives.

Building on more than 80 years of Nissan pickup heritage, it stays true to the company’s belief in bringing advanced technologies to as many customers as possible.

A reliable partner for work or travel, the new Nissan Navara comes with many best-in-class technologies, including an array of Nissan Intelligent Mobility features and safety systems, making it the most advanced Navara yet.

“We packaged the new model with a full set of advanced technologies to ensure enhanced dynamic performance on- and off-road, as well as safety and comfort ushering in a new age of toughness, tech, and peace of mind,” said Ashwani Gupta, Nissan’s chief operating officer. “For our customers it means confidence, driving pleasure, practicality and pride of ownership.”

Among the Nissan Intelligent Mobility features that will be available across the global Navara and Frontier lineup is Intelligent Forward Collision Warning, which monitors the second vehicle ahead as well as the vehicle directly in front to reduce the risk of multi-car accidents. Intelligent Emergency Braking activates the brakes to avoid collisions, reducing the stress of driving in traffic or on busy streets.

Intelligent Around View Monitor uses four cameras to help drivers notice people and cars surrounding and approaching the vehicle, making it easier to parallel park or to position the vehicle when hitching to a trailer. New to the system is an off-road monitor, which checks surrounding obstacles at low speeds when in four-wheel drive mode.

The new model features* a strengthened rear axle, increased payload capacity, additional truck bed volume and a new integrated step in the rear bumper for easier access to the truck bed. A new steering rack has been adopted to enhance maneuverability at low speeds and steering response across the speed range.

It offers a quiet and comfortable ride thanks to significant decrease of vibration and improved noise isolation.

These new features make the vehicle the ultimate travel and worksite partner, prepared to take on new challenges while still offering optimal room, comfort, safety and ease of work.

The new model features an “unbreakable” design language. It introduces a new ruggedly bold, stylish exterior made for extreme elements.

“The new Navara has a very recognizable look, but it’s now more imposing thanks to its high command structure, new interlocking frame grille and new high-tech, squared C-shaped headlamps,” said Ken Lee, Nissan’s senior design director for pickups and frame SUVs.

or the first time for the Navara and Frontier, Nissan will offer the PRO-4X grade, a style package aimed at adventure lovers and travelers craving an escape from their daily routine. The PRO-4X grade comes with its own athletic look, with a black emblem, orange-accented front bumper, black grille, door handles, roof racks and running boards accented by 17-inch black wheels and all-terrain tires.

The new pickup goes on sale in December in Thailand, with other markets to follow later.

Triumph (Triumph) is the motorcycle production sale company which assumes the U.K. a foothold (a maker). In addition, the best company seat which has been cultivated since three cylinder engines and the debut that speed triple that is the one of the oldest classes, it are powerful for a motorcycle production sale company operating for 14 years is the ultimate street fighter who let aggressive handling fuse now. I equipped it with the front brakes which adopted a handstand fork of the black alumite finish, テーパードハンドルバー made by マグラ, four product made in ブレンボ radial pod calipers newly in the model in 2008.

The charm degrees such as a radiator and the rear sub frame of a new design, an LED rear light improve more. The speed triple right made a position as the factory street fighter an immovable thing now.

Kawasaki / 250TR (a にひゃくごじゅう tea are) is the car model of the light 2 motorcycle Kawasaki Heavy Industries (Kawasaki) produced it in the past or it produces it now and sells.
A summary

The appearance resembles a past car model, an existing car model by the same car model name, but the directionality is different. The past car model is the car model that I appear as a pure dual soft-headed pass type and boasted of high efficiency to for those days, but the act car model is the on road motorcycle which imitated only the appearance of a past car model, and the real bad road run performance is not high.
250TR
Kawasaki / 250TR(The second generation / cab specifications)
Kawasaki / 250TR(The second generation / cab specifications)

250TR of the second generation is announced by Tokyo mortor show of 2001, and it is sold from January, 2002.

The basic appearance is yearning for the old days-like to hark back to a dual soft-headed pass type of 1970's, but it is done with the simple appearance. A completely newly-designed frame does not have a steering wheel and decoration, a rev counter harking back to past 250TR and attaches a caramel block pattern tire of the size called rear wheel 110/90-18 to neat instruments, 7L in capacity only of a speedometer and various warning lights and fuel tank of the on the small side, front wheel 90/90-19.

The engine is equipped with four air-cooling stroke SOHC2 valves single cylinder of 249cc cubic centimeter displacement and becomes the brothers car model that is substantial if Estrees equipped with a similar engine is unpleasant. The long stroke of piston stroke 73mm is the longest in the domestic existing 250cc class and shows max power 14kW/19ps, greatest torque 18Nm to cylinder boa 66mm.

If Estrees of the engine similar than 2007 is unpleasant, it is changed of an intake method from a carburetor to fuel injection together and improves the greatest torque to 19Nm. In addition, in the details, the change to narrow steering wheel width was performed.