關於 refute rebut ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

[學術寫作] Counterargument and Refutation

當同學在寫議論文、辯論性文章(argumentative essay)，除了需要提出合理的理由和舉例來支持論點之外，同時也必須討論反對的論點 (counterargument)，讀者才可以更加了解議題的正反面。然而同學也一定要推翻這些反對的論點 (refute the counterargument)，文章本身的論點才能成立並且成功地說服讀者。

以下是老師提供的一些引出反對的論點 (counterargument) 與反駁這些反方觀點 (refutation of the counterargument) 的句子提供給同學參考。希望大家可以多多利用這些句型，讓自己的文章更具說服力!

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*kernel of truth: http://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/a+kernel+of+truth

*on the one hand: http://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/on-the-one-hand-on-the-other-hand

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Additional Resources:

Harvard College Writing Center: How to Write a Counterargument http://writingcenter.fas.harvard.edu/pages/counter-argument

Writing a Counterargument and Refutation
http://www.eluprogram.com/Writing_a_Counterargument_and_Refutation.pdf

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26種表達意見的英文句型: https://goo.gl/Vz0JzY

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最常用的英文連結用語: http://wp.me/p44l9b-1dN

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表達因果關係的英文句型: http://wp.me/p44l9b-1eF

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英語作文常用舉例句型: http://wp.me/p44l9b-1jd

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英語學術寫作資源: https://goo.gl/C0JmVu

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*rebuttal vs. refutation: https://www.vocabulary.com/articles/chooseyourwords/rebut-refute/

<英文寫作必用！「說明、闡述」與「反對」動詞組(附英英解釋及同義字)>
喬今天要分享的是跟英文作文非常相關的動詞字組，「說明」與「反對」動詞組合在英文寫作時表達一個人的意見是必要的。所以喬今天除了分享之外也把所有英英解釋及其相關同義字都打成電子檔筆記，希望對各位同學有幫助。

1. 說明
闡明 elucidate ; illuminate
詳細地說明 elaborate ; expound

* elucidate (V.)
to make (something) clear; explain
同義字- illuminate, clarify, unravel, interpret, explicate, gloss

* illuminate (V.)
to help to clarify or explain (a subject or matter)
同義字- clarify, elucidate, reveal, demystify, exemplify, illustrate

* elaborate (V.)
to develop or present (a theory, policy, or system) in detail
同義字- embellish, embroider, amplify

* expound (V.)
to explain the meaning of
同義字- interpret, explicate, elucidate

2. 反對
反對 object ; oppose
反駁 argue against ; counter/ contradict
駁斥 refute ; repudiate
否決 deny ; veto
質疑 question ; cast doubt on
抨擊 bombard ; vigorously/ vehemently attack
藐視 belittle ; scorn ; defy

*object (V.)
to say something to express one’s disapproval of or disagreement with something
同義字- oppose, condemn

*oppose (V.)
to actively resist or refuse to comply with (a person or a system)
同義字- resist, challenge, dispute, [FORMAL正式用法] gainsay

*refute (v.)
to deny or contradict (a statement or accusation)
同義字- disprove, debunk, discredit, invalidate, confute

*repudiate (V.)
[1] to refuse to accept or be associated with
同義字- renounce, abandon, disown, [FORMAL正式用法] forswear, abjure, [Literary文學用法] forsake

[2] to deny the truth or validity of
同義字- deny, contradict, controvert, rebut, dispute, dismiss, [FORMAL 正式用法] gainsay

[3] (法律) to refuse to fulfill or discharge (an agreement, obligation, or debt)
同義字- revoke, rescind, reverse, overrule, overturn, invalidate, nullify, disregard, flout, disaffirm, [FORMAL正式用法] abrogate

*deny (V.)
[1] to state that one refused to admit the truth or existence of
同義字- contradict, controvert, repudiate, challenge, counter, contest, oppose, rebut, [FORMAL正式用法] gainsay

[2] to refuse to give or grant (something requested or desired) to (someone)
同義字- rebuff, repulse, decline, veto, dismiss

*veto (V.)
to exercise a veto against (a decision or proposal made by a law-making body)
同義字- dismiss, prohibit, forbid, interdict, proscribe, disallow, embargo, ban

*question (V.)
to feel or express doubt about; raise objections to
同義字- query, challenge, dispute, doubt

*bombard (V.)
to assail (someone) persistently, as with questions, criticisms, or information
同義字- inundate, swamp, flood, deluge, besiege, overwhelm

*belittle (V.)
to make (someone or something) seem unimportant
同義字- disparage, denigrate, deprecate, depreciate, downgrade, trivialize, minimize, pooh-pooh

*scorn (V.)
to feel or express contempt(鄙視) or derision for
同義字- deride, disdain, mock, disparage, slight, dismiss

*defy (V.)
to openly resist to refuse to obey
同義字- disobey, flout, disregard, ignore, break, violate, contravene, breach, infringe