關於 big construction company ，我們在網路上蒐集到這些相關的討論、資訊與評價

Total of large projects to open in 2020
December 28, 2020

Although the Covid-19 Crisis has had many negative social and economic effects, the Cambodian government has continued to fulfill its responsibilities, especially in infrastructure development. To date, no infrastructure projects have been postponed, and projects to open in 2020 have already begun. Here are some of the big projects that will open in 2020:

1) Rehabilitation and construction project of National Road No. 2 and No. 22

The rehabilitation and construction of National Road No. 2 and No. 22 with a total length of more than 72 km at a cost of approximately $ 56 million, which is financed by the Government of the Republic of Korea with the contribution of the Royal Government of Cambodia.

The groundbreaking ceremony was held in the presence of Prime Minister Hun Sen and HE Park Heung-kyung, Ambassador of the Republic of Korea to Cambodia on the morning of February 11, 2020.

The section of National Road No. 2 is from Takhmao roundabout to O Chambok with a length of 62.56 km (passing through Phnom Penh with a length of 5.4 km, Kandal with a length of 14.21 km and Takeo with a length of 52.56 km). Separately, National Road No. 22 is from O Chambok to Ang Ta Som with a length of 9.61 km in Takeo province. (Read more )

As of December 2020, the project has achieved about 20% and is scheduled to be completed in the first quarter of 2022. (Read more )

2) National Road 10 from Battambang to Koh Kong

National Road No. 10 connects Samlot, Battambang province, through Veal Veng, Osom, Pursat province to Koh Kong province, with a total length of more than 198 kilometers, which will cost a total of more than 188 million US dollars, financed by the Chinese government.

The groundbreaking ceremony was held on the morning of March 9, 2020 under the high presidency of Prime Minister Hun Sen and Chinese Ambassador HE Wang Wentian.

The road will be built in accordance with the level 3 road standard of the technical standard of the People's Republic of China, with a total width of 9 meters, 8 meters wide double-layer pavement (DBST), which will take 48 months to build from December. 2019 to December 2023.

As of August 2020, this project has achieved about 36%.

3) AEON 3 Shopping Mall on Street 60m

The AEON 3 shopping mall project is located in Prek Talong 3 village, Chak Angre Krom commune, Meanchey district, built with an investment capital of approximately 290 million US dollars. The project is larger than the first and second Aeon Markets combined, with a total floor area of 174,000 square meters.

The groundbreaking ceremony was held this morning, October 7, in the presence of HE Khuong Sreng, Governor of Phnom Penh, as well as representatives of the Japanese company AEON MALL (CAMBODIA) CO., LTD.

AEON 3 is scheduled to open in 2023.

4) The first cable bridge in Phnom Penh connecting Koh Pich to Koh Nora

Two large bridges worth more than 40 million US dollars, built by OCIC, opened the construction site on the morning of October 26 under the presidency of Samdech Techo Prime Minister Hun Sen.

The first bridge is a cable-stayed concrete bridge connecting Koh Nora Development Area to Koh Pich Satellite City, 824 meters long and 24.5 meters wide, with 4 lanes for cars and 2 lanes for motorcycles. The bridge is expected to cost $ 38 million and will take about 35 months to build.

The second bridge is a 60-meter-long, 21-meter-wide and 21-meter-wide bridge with two rainbow-shaped steel bridges connecting National Road No. 1 to the Koh Nora Development Zone. The bridge is expected to cost $ 1.6 million and take about 12 months to build.

The two bridges are part of a $ 2.5 billion OCIC project to develop Koh Nora into a new satellite city.

5) 38 roads in Siem Reap

The project has 38 infrastructure roads in Siem Reap, with a total length of 108.74 km, under construction with a total national budget of about 140 million US dollars. The project will take 13 months to complete and is expected to be completed by the end of 2021.

The project was opened under the presidency of Prime Minister Hun Sen on the morning of November 30.

6) Small and medium enterprise group worth $ 30 million of Sear Rithy in Takhmao

World Bridge Industrial Developments Co., Ltd.'s 4.0 small and medium enterprise cluster project worth more than $ 30 million Currently under construction on more than 6 hectares along National Road 21 near the affordable housing project in Takhmao.

The groundbreaking ceremony was held on the morning of November 27 under the chairmanship of His Excellency Cham Prasidh, Minister of Industry, Science and Technology, and Mr. Sear Rithy, Chairman of the Board of Directors of the World Bridge Group and other distinguished guests.

The project is scheduled to be completed by the end of April 2021.

บริษัทบุตรชาย บิ๊กติ๊ก มาแรง คว้างานก่อสร้างร้อยล้าน (มีคลิป)
Big Tik's son company is hot to grab a hundred million construction work (clip)Translated

【水世界】的前製設定與現場劇照

WATERWORLD (1995)
In celebration of today’s anniversary of this wet mess/epic. Let’s celebrate the hard work this crew put into bringing this world to life. Water movies are never easy but when it comes to this movie anytime you bring it up and a crew member from it is in earshot, the stories pour out. Not always bad, I know a AC that said he had a blast, he loved the boat rides out and all the camaraderie the crew had to have to get thru it. To all the crew that helped bring WATERWORLD to life, We salute you and thanks for the memories. I personally enjoy this hot mess of a movie, it’s one of the last ones of its kind...done practically...in a way.
let’s take a deepest of dives into WATERWORLD

The director, Kevin Reynolds, knew there would be problems before production had even started, “During pre-production. Because having never shot on water to that extent before, I didn’t really realise what I was in for. I talked to Spielberg about it because he’d gone to do Jaws, and I remember, he said to me, “Oh, I would never shoot another picture on water”.
“When we were doing the budget for the picture, and the head of the studio, Sid Sheinberg, we were talking about it and I said, “Steven told me that on Jaws the schedule for the picture was 55 days, and they ended up shooting a 155 days”. Because of the water. And he sat there for a moment and he said, “You know, I’m not sure about the days, but I do know they went a hundred percent over budget”. And so, Universal knew the potential problems of shooting on water. It’s monstrous.”
The film began with a projected budget of $100 million which had reportedly increased to $175 million by the end of production. The principle photography had overrun for at least thirty days more than originally planned due to one major decision.

Whereas today they would film in water tanks with partially built sets, employing green screens to fake the locations, back in 1995 they decided to build everything full size and shoot out on the ocean.

This causes extra logistical problems on top of those that already come with making a major action blockbuster. Cast and crew have to be transported to sets. The camera boats and sets float out of position and will have to be reset between takes taking up valuable production time.

The first draft of Waterworld was written by Peter Radar, a Harvard graduate who wanted to break into the film business. His contact in the film industry was Brad Kevoy, an assistant to the legendary director Roger Corman.

Roger Corman is best known for making films very quickly on a small budget. He also liked to give young talent a chance to direct and write their own films. Brad informed Peter that if he could write a Mad Max rip off, he would arrange to finance and let him direct the picture.

Radar came back and pitched the idea for what would become Waterworld. Kevoy took one look at him and said,

“Are you out of your mind? This would cost us three million dollars to make this movie!”
So Radar kept hold of the idea and decided to re-write the script but, this time, going wild. He wrote what he wanted to see on-screen, limited only by his imagination, not a real world production budget.

He managed to get the newly written script shown to a pair of producers with whom he had made contact with. They loved it and ironically they passed it onto Larry Gordon. He shared the enthusiasm saying it had the kind of cinematic possibilities he was looking for. A deal was signed on Christmas Eve of 1989.

As further script rewrites progressed, it became clear that Waterworld was too big for the Larry Gordon’s production company to undertake by themselves. In February 1992, a deal was signed with Universal Pictures to co-produce and co-finance the film. This was now six years after the first draft had been written.

Universal had signed director Kevin Reynolds to Waterworld. Whilst he was finishing his latest film, Rapa Nui, pre-production for Waterworld was already underway.

The decision was taken that the largest set for the film, known as the atoll, would be built full size. The atoll was the primary location for film and in the story served as the location for a small population of survivors.

The logic behind this decision was due to the high percentage of live action filming required in this location, as well as a huge action set piece. No sound stage would be big enough to incorporate this number of scenes and it was crucial that we see the mariner sail his boat into the atoll, turn around and set out again. A full-size construction was the only way to go as the use of miniature and special effects would be impractical.

The next problem was deciding where to build this huge set. After much research, Kawaihae Harbour in Hawaii was chosen as the location. The atoll could be constructed in the harbour and rotated when needed thus allowing for open sea in the background. Later towards the end of principle photography, the atoll could be towed out into the open sea for the filming of the big action sequences which would be impractical to shoot in an enclosed harbour.

Director Kevin Reynolds also discussed the possibility of using the same water tank as James Cameron’s The Abyss, which had filmed there around five years ago,

“We had even entertained the notion of shooting at that big nuclear reactor facility where they had shot The Abyss, to use it for our underwater tank. But we found it in such a state of disrepair that economically it just wasn’t feasible. We didn’t have as much underwater work as they did. Most of The Abyss is interiors and underwater and model work, ours is mostly surface exterior.”

The production company had originally envisioned building the atoll by linking approximately one hundred boats together and building upon this foundation, just like the characters in the film. The production crew set out to search Hawaii and get hold of as many boats as possible.

During this search, a unique boat in Honolulu caught their attention. Upon further investigation, they discovered it was built by Navitech, a subsidiary of the famous aircraft production company, Lockheed.

They approached Lockheed with the strange request of figuring out how they could build the foundations of the atoll. Lockheed found the request unusual but didn’t shy away from the challenging. They agreed to design the atoll foundation and Navitech would construct it.

Meanwhile, an 11ft miniature model of the atoll was sent out to a model ship testing facility in San Diego. Scaled wave tanks are used to determine the effects of the open sea on large scale miniature models of new untested ship designs. This would help determine what would happen with the unusual design of the atoll when it was out of the harbour.

The atoll, when finished, was approximately ¼ mile in circumference. It took three months to construct and is rumoured to cost around $22 million. As the atoll would be used out on the open sea, it required a seafaring license. Nothing like this had been done before and after much deliberation, it was eventually classed as an unmanned vessel. This meant that all cast and crew would have to vacate the set whilst it was towed into position. By the end of production, the atoll was towed out to sea a total of five times.

Shooting out on the open sea presented a series of logistical problem as Reynolds describes,

“We had an entire navy, basically – I mean, this atoll was positioned about a mile off-shore in Hawaii, it was anchored to the bottom of the ocean so it could rotate. What you don’t think about are things like, you’re shooting on this atoll to maintain this notion that there’s no dry land, you always have to shoot out to sea. Away from the land. So we chose a location where we had about a 180 degree view of open water. Nevertheless, any time when you’re shooting, there could be a ship appear in the background, or something like that, and you had to make a choice. Do I hold up the shot, wait for the ship to move out, or do we shoot and say we’re going to incur this additional cost in post-production of trying to remove the ship from the background.

And at that time, CGI was not at the point it is now, it was a bigger deal. And so, even though if you’re shooting across the atoll and you’re shooting out onto open water, when you turn around and do the reverses, for the action, you had to rotate the entire atoll, so that you’re still shooting out to open water. Those are the kinds of things that people don’t realise.

Or something as simple as – if you’re shooting a scene between two boats, and you’re trying to shoot The Mariner on his craft, another boat or whatever, you’ve got a camera boat shooting his boat, and then the other boat in the background. Well, when you’re on open water things tend to drift apart. So you have to send lines down from each of those boats to the bottom, to anchor them so that they somewhat stay in frame. When you’ve got a simple shot on land, you set up the camera position, you put people in front of the camera and then you put background in there. But when you’re on water, everything’s constantly moving apart, drifting apart, so you have to try to hold things down somewhat.

And these are simple things that you don’t really realise when you’re looking at it on film. But logistically, it’s crazy. And each day you shoot on the atoll with all those extras, we had to transport those people from dry land out to the location and so you’re getting hundreds of people through wardrobe and everything, and you’re putting them on boats, transporting them out to the atoll, and trying to get everybody in position to do a shot. And then when you break for lunch, you have to put everybody on boats and take them back in to feed them.”

The final size of the atoll was determined by the size of the Mariners boat, the trimaran. The dimensions for the trimaran were finalised very early on in pre-production, allowing all other vehicles and sets to be sized accordingly.

Production required two trimarans boats which are so called because they have three hulls. The first was based on the standard trimaran blueprint and built for speed but also had to accommodate a secret crew below decks.

During wide and aerial shots it would have to look like Costner himself was piloting the boat. In reality, a trained crew could monitor and perform the real sailing of the boat utilising specially built controls and television monitors below deck.

The second trimaran was the trawler boat which could transform into the racer through the use of special practical effects rigs. Both of these boats were constructed in France by Jeanneau. Normally this type of vessel requires a year to construct but production needed two boats in five months!

Normally once the boat had been constructed, Jeammeau would deliver it on the deck of a freighter, requiring a delivery time of around a month. This delay was unacceptable and so the trimarans were dismantled into sections and taken by a 747 air freighter to the dock Hawaii. Upon arrival, a further month was required to reassemble the boat and get them prepared for filming.

sets recreating the inside of the tanker were built using forced perspective in a huge 1000ft long warehouse which had an adjoining 2000ft field. In this field, they built the set of the oil tankers deck, again constructed using forced perspective. Using the forced perspective trick, the 500ft long set could be constructed to give the impression that it was really twice as long.

There’s more to a film than just it’s sets and filming locations. Over two thousand costumes had to be created with many of the lead actors costumes being replicated many times over due to wear and tear.

This is not an uncommon practice for film production, but due to the unique look of the people and the world they inhabit, it did create some headaches. One costume was created with so many fish scales the wardrobe department had to search the entire island of Hawaii looking for anyone who could supply in the huge quantity required.

Makeup had to use waterproof cosmetics, especially on the stunt players. As everyone had a sun burnt look, a three-sided tanning booth was setup. The extras numbering in their hundreds, with ages ranging from six to sixty-five, passed through the booth like a production line to receive their spray tan. The extras then moved onto costume before finally having their hair fixed and becoming ready for the day.

In some scenes, extras were actually painted plywood cutouts to help enhance the number of extras on the set. This can easily be seen in one particular shot on board the Deez super tanker.

Filming on the water is not only a difficult and time-consuming process but also very dangerous. It’s been reported that Jeanne Tripplehorn and Tina Majorino nearly drowned on their first day of filming.

Waterworld’s star Kevin Costner reported having a near-death experience when filming a scene in which the mariner ties himself to his catamaran to survive a storm. The pounding water caused him to black out and nearly drown.

Unbeknownst to most of the crew, Kevin Costner’s stunt double was riding his jet ski across 40 miles of open ocean between his home on Maui and the film’s set on the Big Island. When he didn’t show up for work one day, the production team phoned his wife, who informed them he had already left for work. The stunt double’s jet ski had run out of gas halfway through his “commute” and a storm had swept him farther out to sea. It took a helicopter most of the day to find him. The stunt doubles name was Laird Hamilton.

As well as the logistical problems of creating a film of this scale and on water, they also had to deal with the press who seemed intent on wanting the film to fail. Director Kevin Reynolds discusses the situation,

“It was huge, we were constantly fighting – people wanted to have bad press. That was more exciting to them than the good news. I guess the most egregious example of that that I recall was that the publicist told me that one day…we’d been out the day before and we were doing a shot where we sent two cameras up on a mast of the trimaran and we wanted to do a shot where they tilled down from the horizon down to the deck below. We’re out there, we’re anchored, we’re setting the shot up and a swell comes in, and I look over and the mast is sort of bending.

And I turned to the boatmaster and I said, “Bruno, is this safe?”. And he looks up the mast and he goes, “No”. So I said, “Okay, well, we have to get out as I can’t have two guys fall off from 40 feet up”. So, we had to break out of the set-up, and go back in a shoot something else and we lost another half-day.

Anyway, the next day the publicist is sitting in his office and he gets this call from some journalist in the States and he goes, “Okay. Don’t lie to me – I’ve had this confirmed from two different people. I want the facts, and I want to hear about the accident yesterday, we had two cameramen fall off the mast and were killed”.

And, he goes, “What are you talking about?”. And he goes, “Don’t lie to me, don’t cover this up, we know this has happened”. It didn’t happen! People were so hungry for bad news because it was much more exciting than…they just said it, and you know, it hurt us.”
Upon release, the press seemed to be disappointed that the film wasn’t the massive failure they were hoping it to be. Universal Studios told Kevin Reynolds that one critic came out of an early screening in New York and in a disappointed tone said,

“Well, it didn’t suck.”

It is true that during principle photography the slave colony set sank and had to be retrieved. However due to bad press, the rumour became much bigger and to this day when you mention the sinking set, most people assume it was the huge atoll.

During production, press nicknamed the film “Kevin’s Gate” and “Fishtar”, referring to 1980’s box office failures Heaven’s Gate and Ishtar. Heaven’s Gate failed so badly it led to the sale of United Artists Studio and has become synonymous with failure in Hollywood.

As well as the exaggerated set problems and other various production rumours, there were also difficulties with the script. In a risky move, the film was green lit and moved into production without a finalised script.

The final total is a reportedly thirty-six rewrites. One of the writers involved was Joss Whedon. Joss had worked on many scripts before becoming a director having being at the helm of both The Avengers and the sequel Avengers: Age Of Ultron. He described his experience on Waterworld as,

“Seven weeks of hell”
Everything came to a head just three weeks before the end of principle photography. Kevin Reynolds who was an old friend of Kevin Costner allegedly walked off set or was fired. There was no official statement on what happened.

When Reynolds left the production this event caused many changes to be made. Composer Mark Isham had already composed approximately two-thirds of the film’s score by the time Reynolds left and that event ultimately caused him to leave production. As Mark describes in this interview excerpt,

“Kevin Reynolds quit the film, which left me working for Kevin Costner, who listened to what I had written and wanted a completely different point of view. He basically made a completely different film — he re-cut the entire film, and in his meeting with me he expressed that he wanted a completely different approach to the score. And I said, “oh let me demonstrate that I can give that to you”, so I presented him with a demo of my approach to his approach, and he rejected that and fired me. What I find a lot in these big films, because the production schedules are so insane, that the directors have very little time to actually concentrate on the music.”
Rumours report that Costner took control of production. He directed the last few weeks of principle photography and edited the final cut of the film that was released in cinemas.

Reynolds discusses his surprise at discovering that one of the most famous scenes from what is known as the extended version, was left on the cutting room floor,

“…it would have differed from what you saw on the screen to some extent, and one of the things I’ve always been perplexed by in the version that was released, theatrically, although subsequently the longer version included it, and the reason that I did the film, was that at the very end of the picture, at the very end of the script, there’s a scene when they finally reach dry land and The Mariner’s sailing off and he leaves the two women behind, and in the script they’re standing up on this high point and they’re watching him sail away, and the little girl stumbles on something.
And they look down and clear the grass away and that’s this plaque. And it says, “Here, near this spot, 1953, Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary first set foot on the summit of Everest”. And that was in script and I was like, “Oh, of course! Wow, the highest point on the planet! That would have been dry land!”. And we got it! We shot that. And they left it out of the picture. And I’m like, “Whaaat?!”. It’s like the Statue of Liberty moment in Planet of the Apes. And I was like, “Why would you leave that out?”

Written by John Abbitt | Follow John on twitter @UKFilmNerd

If any the crew cares to share any of their experiences on it please comment.
Thanks for reading
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To opening a port

The construction of original of assumption that it was not possible to deal with demand in Osaka International Airport alone where the inside and the enhancing room where the expansion of the Airlines demand like the cruising range, the arrival and departure ability, and the number etc. of users had been assumed at that time were scarce and "Airport secondarily in Kansai" was instituted in the 1960's. The Cabinet Council was acknowledged to "Osaka International Airport enhancing maintenance and the second international airport construction" plan having been submitted by the Kinki region maintenance headquarters in Prime Minister's Office in 7 and 1963.

As for "Airport secondarily in Kansai", fountain state offing was selected from the schedule ground in the Osaka south port offing, the coast of Kobe, the coast of Akashi, Awajishima, and fountain state offing, etc. to the construction ground. 515 in 1987 The first stage construction including one glide slope construction was started constructing by an artificial island and 1 house in the terminal building of ha. In large depth and the weak ground the planned construction site on the airport island, there were no cases where reclamation in this scale and a similar environment was made in a short term though there was recognition at that time. The amount of the subsidence is nine settled every year though there was a big anxiety in the measures for the subsidence of eight innings by present.
MD-11 type machine of Finnair that crosses terminal front. The back is MD-11 type machine of Finnair that crosses the Malaysia Airlines machine terminal front of the Continental Airlines machine (Only the tail is seen) and the KLM Royal Dutch Airlines machine from this side. The back is a Continental Airlines machine (Only the tail is seen), a KLM Royal Dutch Airlines machine, and a Malaysia Airlines machine from this side.

The cost of construction of Kansai International Airport greatly exceeded the
assumption at first.

* It became reclamation of the sea where depth left for the noise measures from the coast at 5km was deep. (When the level of the noise of the aircraft in recent years is considered, 3 from the coast It has constructed it at the position of the airport decided in years of 1974 of the distance of about the km and 10 it though it is enough (..offing.. ..combination.. saying 5 km). In not only the island construction of one term but also the following second stage construction, the idea that reclaimed from a side near the land that ended more at a low price was adopted. )
* Sweetness 11 of management of the cost of construction
* At first, the protection such as local fishermen to "Fishery vested rights" : assumption greatly. Exceed..compensation for fishermen..amends..money..cooperation..money..solatia..life..stability..measures..expense..Osaka..Prefecture..fishing..ream..Hyogo..Prefecture..fishing..ream..Wakayama..Prefecture..fishing..ream..pay..additionally..Osaka..Prefecture..fishing..ream..operation..right..become..right..insist..airport..company..expense..prefecture..fishing..ream..fishery..promotion..fund..expend.

It led to an increase in cost that the above-mentioned hangs to construction, and it became expense of 1.5 trillion yen 14. Therefore, it came to set the landing fee and the rent of high priced, etc.

The island construction of one term in the airport was completed in 1991, and
opened a port on September 4, 1994.