[翻轉視界] 孤軍奮戰的正義律師: 羅伯‧比洛特
Have you seen the film Dark Waters?
你看過電影《黑水風暴》嗎?
The film is based on the 2016 New York Times Magazine article "The Lawyer Who Became DuPont's Worst Nightmare," which describes Robert Bilott's case against the chemical manufacturing corporation DuPont after they contaminated a town with unregulated chemicals.
這部電影改編自紐約時報2016年的文章《成為杜邦最糟糕的噩夢的律師》,講述律師羅伯‧比洛特對抗化學製造廠「杜邦」的故事,該廠以未被規範的化學物質污染了一個小鎮。
Robert Bilott put his career, his family, everything on the line to win justice for tens of thousands if not millions of people. It is because of people like him, people who continue to speak out and take action against injustice, that our society continues to improve. Thank you, Mr. Bilott.
羅伯‧比洛特壓上一切,包括自己的事業、家庭,與為數達到萬人、甚至數百萬的民眾捍衛正義。正因有像他這樣的人持續為對抗不公不義發聲與採取行動,我們的社會才能不斷進步。謝謝你,比洛特先生。
Here’s a Times article that describes both the film and its portray of Mr. Bilott’s struggle to bring justice. I highly recommend the film.
以下是《Time 時代雜誌》的文章,介紹了這部電影並描繪了比洛特先生伸張正義所做的努力;我強烈推薦《黑水風暴》。
新聞報導: https://youtu.be/Tkkuil-U6qQ
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Rob Bilott, a corporate lawyer-turned-environmental crusader, doesn’t much care if he’s made enemies over the years. "I’ve been dealing with this for almost three decades," he says. "I can’t really worry about if the people on the other side like me or not."
•a corporate lawyer 企業律師
•environmental crusader 環境鬥士
•make enemies 樹敵、建立敵人
羅伯‧比洛特是位由企業律師轉變而成的環境鬥士,對自己多年來是否樹敵並不在意。「我已處理這問題近三十年了,」他說,「我根本不在意立場相對的人是否喜歡我」。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Bilott used to be on the other side. The Todd Haynes-directed movie Dark Waters, tells the story of how the lawyer switched allegiances. As happened in real life, the movie depicts Ruffalo’s Bilott as a lawyer who defends large chemical companies before he is approached for help in 1998 by Wilbur Tennant, a West Virginia farmer whose land was contaminated by chemical giant DuPont. Inflamed by that injustice, and the complicity of local authorities, the lawyer risks his career as he embarks on a decades-long legal siege of one of America’s most powerful corporations.
•switch allegiances 轉換陣營
•depict 描述
•complicity 共謀;串通;共犯
•DuPont 杜邦(世界排名第二大的美國化工公司)
比洛特曾站在企業那一邊。由陶德·海恩斯導演的《黑水風暴》講述這位律師如何轉換陣營:正如真實生活中發生的,該電影描述馬克·魯法洛所扮演的比洛特是一名任職大型化學企業的律師。1998年,一位土地被化學製造巨頭杜邦所污染的西維吉尼亞州農民威爾伯·坦納特,向他尋求幫助。不公義及地方當局的共謀激怒了這名律師;冒著斷送職涯的風險,他開始對美國最有權力的公司之一杜邦,進行長達數十年的法律圍攻。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
He works, at first, on Tennant’s behalf, then pursues a class action suit representing around 70,000 people living near a chemical plant that allegedly contaminated drinking water with PFOA, a toxic chemical used in the production of Teflon. In recent years, studies have correlated long-term exposure to PFOA with a number of illnesses, including some types of cancer.
•on behalf of sb/in behalf of sb; on sb's behalf/in sb's behalf 代表~;作為~的代表;代替~ ; 因為,為了~的利益
•a chemical plant 化學工廠
•allegedly 宣稱地;據傳地
•contaminate drinking water 污染飲用水
•perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) 全氟辛酸銨
他一開始先代表威爾伯·坦納特進行訴訟,之後代表約七萬名居住在化學工廠附近的居民進行訴訟,據稱該工廠以全氟辛酸(PFOA)污染了飲用水。PFOA是一種用於製造鐵氟龍的有毒化學物質;近幾年有研究表明,長期暴露於PFOA與許多疾病相關,其中包括某些癌症。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
In 2017, Bilott won a $671 million settlement on behalf of more than 3,500 plaintiffs. Those people claimed they had contracted diseases, among them kidney cancer and testicular cancer, from chemicals DuPont allegedly knew may have been dangerous for decades, and allowed to contaminate their drinking water anyway.
•settlement 協議;和解(金);定居;支付
•plaintiff 原告
•contract a disease 患病、染病
•kidney cancer 腎臟癌
2017年,比洛特代表超過3500名原告贏得了6.71億美金的和解金。這些原告聲稱他們患病,其中包括腎臟癌與睪丸癌,是由於那些杜邦疑似早在數十年前就知道危險、卻仍然放任污染飲用水的化學物質。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
In Dark Waters, Haynes emphasizes the seemingly endless fight taken up by Bilott, as DuPont brings its considerable resources to bear to defend itself over the course of two decades. According to one analyst, the film’s potential to raise awareness about these issues could have a serious effect on some chemical companies’ bottom lines. But for the real Rob Bilott, the work of taking the industry to court is far from over. In October 2018, the lawyer filed a new lawsuit against several companies, including 3M, Arkema, and Chemours, a manufacturer spun off from DuPont in 2015. That ongoing case is seeking class action status, and was initially brought on behalf of Kevin Hardwick, a firefighting veteran of 40 years who used fire-suppression foams and firefighting equipment containing a class of chemicals known as PFAS, or polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFOA is one type of PFAS chemical).
•seemingly endless fight 看似永無止境的鬥爭
•considerable resources 為數可觀、相當多的資源
•raise awareness about… 激發對~的警覺
•far from over 遠遠不夠
•file a lawsuit 提起新訴訟
•seek class action status 尋求集體訴訟(派一方代表訴訟)地位
•polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) 全氟烷基物質(廣泛被用來作為表面塗料,不易分解、會產生污染)
在《黑水風暴》中,海恩斯強調那些比洛特所參與的看似是個永無止盡的鬥爭,因為杜邦二十多年來動用可觀的資源來為自身辯護。根據一位分析師,本電影可能激發大眾對此類議題的警覺,或是將對一些化學公司的利潤帶來嚴重影響。但對真正的羅伯‧比洛特而言,僅將杜邦送上法庭遠遠不夠。2018年10月,這位律師針對好幾家公司提起新訴訟,對象包括3M、阿科瑪與2015年從杜邦拆分出來的製造公司科慕。這起進行中的訴訟案正尋求集體訴訟地位,而該案件初始是為凱文.哈德沃克提起的,一位有40年經驗的消防員,他長期使用一種含全氟烷基物質(PFAS)或多氟烷基(polyfluoroalkyl)物質的滅火泡沫與消防器材。(註:PFOA是一種 PFAS化學物。)
★★★★★★★★★★★★
PFAS chemicals are used in products ranging from waterproof jackets to shaving cream, and they can leach into water supplies in areas where they are disposed of or used in fire suppression (in particular on military bases, where they have been used for years). According to Bilott’s complaint, studies currently suggest that PFAS is present in the blood of around 99% of Americans. The class of chemicals has broadly been linked to immune system disruption, while PFOA specifically has been found to be associated with cancers and other diseases. Bilott’s newest lawsuit, as with his prior cases, alleges that these companies knew for decades that PFAS chemicals, specifically PFOA, could be linked to serious health problems, and that they still assured the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other U.S. government regulators that PFAS exposures were harmless.
•range from…to… 從~到~
•leach into 過濾、滲入
•water supply 供水,給水
•be linked to 與~有關
•be associated with 與~相關
•assure 保證
•government regulators 政府監管、立法單位
•exposure (n.) 暴露
PFAS化學物質應用廣泛,從防水夾克到刮鬍泡,而他們可以滲入可能或被用於滅火的地區的供水之中(尤其在軍中,這種物質被使用多年)。據比洛特控訴,目前研究顯示,約99%的美國人血液中有PFAS存在。這種化學物質與免疫系統遭破壞有關,而PFOA則被發現跟癌症與其他疾病相關。比洛特最新的訴訟一如先前的案件,宣稱這些公司數十年來都知道PFAS化學物質,尤其是PFOA可能與重大健康問題相關,但他們仍舊向環保局與其他美國政府監管單位保證,說 PFAS的暴露是無害的。
★★★★★★★★★★★★
"What we’re hearing once again from those companies that put those chemicals out there, knowing that they would get into the environment and into our blood, is that there’s insufficient evidence to show that they present risks to humans who are exposed," explains Bilott. "These companies are going to sit back and say, we’re entitled to…use you as guinea pigs, yet those of you who are exposed are somehow the ones who are going to have to prove what these 'chemicals' do to you."
•insufficient evidence 證據不足
•present risks 存在危險
•a guinea pig(通常用於測試藥效的)實驗對象,供做實驗的人 ; 豚鼠,天竺鼠
「我們又再次耳聞這些公司,明知那些化學製品會流入環境並進入我們的血液,卻仍將其暴露在環境裡,並宣稱沒有足夠證據證明暴露的化學物質將置人類於風險之中,」比洛特解釋道,「這些公司坐視不理並說,他們有權將人們當成實驗對象,而你們這些暴露在化學物質中的人,卻將證實那些化學物質會對造成什麼影響。」
★★★★★★★★★★★★
"If we can’t get where we need to go to protect people through our regulatory channels, through our legislative process, then unfortunately what we have left is our legal process," says Bilott. "If that’s what it takes to get people the information they need and to protect people, we’re willing to do it."
•regulatory channels 管制途徑
•legislative process 立法程序
「如果我們無法透過管制途徑、立法程序來保護人們,那麼不幸的是,我們只剩下法律程序,」比洛特表示,「如果這就是讓人們得到所需要的資訊、保護人們所要付出的努力,我們願意這樣做。」
★★★★★★★★★★★★
Robert Bilott is a true hero.
羅伯‧比洛特是真正的英雄。
文章來自於《Time 時代雜誌》 : https://time.com/5737451/dark-waters-true-story-rob-bilott/
圖片出處: Cincinnati Enquirer
★★★★★★★★★★★★
翻轉視界: http://bit.ly/3fPvKUs
同時也有1部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過38萬的網紅ajin,也在其Youtube影片中提到,歡迎來觀看我的第一個ps3遊戲的影片,最後生還者(the last of us)。一開始就以悲劇開場阿,真是有夠沉重的,加上手把好不習慣,而且我的難度是選困難,真是有點頭痛。 FB粉絲頁 http://www.facebook.com/tttd3 hello~我是阿津,你對影片的支持與分享都是小頻...
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昨晚我在我的instagram動態發表了一個動態,就是五年前的昨天是我第一天在紐約皇后區的圖書館做志工人員,而我幫忙的項目是紐約有許多低收入工作階層的父母,因為忙於生計所以無法有時間陪小朋友做作業,皇后區的圖書館開放下午四點到七點的時間讓這些弱勢家庭小朋友來做功課,志工則是在這段期間等小朋友過來發問。
不得不說,亞洲小孩在數學和寫功課方面還是很厲害而且一教就會,其他小朋友還有白人、黑人、墨西哥人還有泰國人(我住的社區族群比較多元),不過我對小朋友都滿有耐心的,教最久是花了半個小時在解釋 X-30=80 所以X是多少?XD
之後也很榮幸接到一個插畫案件是要繪畫關於大學學生自願參與社區課後輔導服務的插畫,而我很幸運的在眾多出色插畫師之中被喬治城大學校刊的設計編輯相中!
台灣其實也有很多這類型志工活動,大學生如果行有餘力,可以多多參與回饋社會喔!
Follow up from the last night's Instagram story about that five years ago yesterday was my first day volunteering in Queens Library.
It reminded me of the illustration I did for the Georgetown University Alumni Magazine Spring issue, and it’s about their students involved in the "Lift Up Your Heart" program for Sursum Corda.
It was a fun assignment that allowed me to describe this story in the graphic novel style. Many thanks to Georgetown University's Design Editor, who picked me up for this project, and thanks to Washingtonian president James for the art direction. Also, thanks to creative director Jason for recommending me to the project and the hint of the creative direction.
I am also hoping more college students will participate in some local library volunteers program to help more children's homework, which their parents are busy working for their living.
#插畫 #志工 #志願 #插畫家 #愛 #illustration #art #artwork #artist #插畫師
living local magazine 在 唐家婕 - Jane Tang Facebook 的精選貼文
【李文亮又獲表彰 什麼被刻意淡忘?】
從「造謠者」到黨國英雄,李文亮醫生的故事被國家選擇性改寫...
Latest: #LiWenLiang: From punishment to patriot-hero. 🇨🇳Chinese government retells Li’s story, general public accedes, while suppression grows.
▫️▫️報導全文:https://pse.is/REW9M
5月1日,武漢的各大報亭裡,將擺上一本以穿著白袍的李文亮醫生畫像為封面的雜誌。
「被記錄、被懷念的青春」 — 《環球人物》雜誌五月號的封面上寫著。雜誌裡,一篇專訪李文亮父母及妻子的人物特稿也先在網上曝光。
七千多字的稿件分成四個部分:愛妻子、愛生活、愛醫學、愛國家。
李文亮一生「愛國家」的章節被大幅渲染,文中敘述李文亮帶兒子看的電影是《我和我的祖國》、讀物是《長江日報》、他還會看十九大直播視頻「學習」,而2009年國慶60周年之際,李文亮就曾以學生黨員為國家寫詩,名為《我的祖國》。
▍👨🏻✈️從造謠者到烈士 官方刻意淡化了哪段故事?
李文亮第一次登上中國官媒,是以8名「造謠者」之一的身分出現。他於去年12月下旬在微信群裡告知同事們小心不明肺炎,而遭警方訓誡,1月1日,央視報導了「八名散播謠言者被查處」。
2月6日,李文亮因新冠肺炎死亡,引發中國公眾輿論要求言論自由的強烈反彈。
3月,一份關於李文亮案的官方調查報告出爐,僅懲罰了幾位武漢派出所基層員警;4月初,李文亮被中國官方追封為「烈士」;4月28日,李文亮再次獲獎,被追授「中國青年五四獎章」。
🏆按介紹,這是共青團中央授予中國優秀青年的最高榮譽,旨在樹立政治進步、品德高尚、貢獻突出的優秀青年典型。
官方追授理由寫道,「作為眼科醫生,他不懼危險,勇於近距離接觸患者」,隻字未提其因通報疫情遭訓誡對待。
▍☄️清大教授郭于華:追封「根本沒有意義」
清華大學社會學系教師郭于華曾在李文亮死後,聯合數十位學者、律師實名連署發表公開信,要求國家開放言論自由,全面釋放因思想、言論、信仰遭刑罰的公民。
郭于華告訴自由亞洲電台,這些中國官方對於李文亮的追封,是忽視了中國治理結構上的根本問題,刻意淡化了究責,以及對言論自由管控的討論。
💬「這種追封根本沒有任何意義。與其這樣不如中央公開道歉、承認錯誤,不是那麼一個基層派出所的民警處罰就夠了,基層有能力做這樣的事嗎?能上到央視嗎?追封就是籠絡人心,一點用都沒有。」
現居美國的經濟學者何清漣也向本台表示,表彰李文亮的故事只是中國政府又一個「荒謬」的敘事之一。
🗣「輿論說李文亮是因為敢說真話而死的,中國政府用這種扭曲的方式表達,你看,我是表彰說真話的。中國荒謬的事太多了。」何清漣說。
▍💧李文亮的經歷 為中國帶來改變了嗎?
中國公共知識份子眼中的「荒謬」敘事,在老百姓的眼中又是什麼呢?
正在武漢的中國作家慕容雪村29日在社交網路分享了一個觀察。他說,大多數武漢市民都對中國抗疫成績給予好評、高分。慕容雪村感歎道,對比2月李文亮去世時那個怒吼之夜的憤怒、悲傷,「這種輿論翻轉還是讓人震驚」。
🗣郭于華:「(中國社會)很難有改變。當時因為李文亮去世,大家情感上表達憤怒與悲傷。時間過了,就淡忘了。中國社會已經淡忘的事件太多了,成載著千萬人死亡的事都不知道,或是故意不知道。我不知道說什麼,我沒什麼可說了。」
—
電話那一頭,在北京的郭于華又歎氣、又苦笑著。她回憶道,前個禮拜,武漢網信辦打電話,要她刪除一篇捍衛作家方方的文章,原因是「文章反響太大」。
「我說為什麼要刪除?憑什麼不許說話?我很溫和,我跟他講一些道理,他也是在工作,我們友好交流。我說,那麼多人攻擊方方,這你怎麼不刪啊?」
「友好交流」以後,郭于華的文章還是消失了。她說自己氣不過,回撥電話罵了對方一頓:請轉告你的上級組織,不能這麼做事,你們是在破壞國家形象。
掛掉電話後,郭于華把被刪掉的文章《你們的愚蠢我永遠不懂》標題改為《你們的無恥我永遠鄙視》。
她笑著說,不確定能有多少人能看到這篇文章。
—
1) Doctor #LiWenLiang is honored with the May 4th Medal, the highest honor for Outstanding Chinese Communist Youth. He also appeared on the cover of "Global People" magazine, highlighting his love for the party, and his admiration for Xi.
2)The Chinese public’s anger towards the government has cooled in recent weeks.
One Wuhan local told me: “Dead people are already dead; living people need to live.”
(死的人已經死了,活著的還要活下去唄)
3)YuHua Guo, sociology professor at Beijing’s Tsinghua University, was among a group of chinese scholars/human rights lawyers who wrote an open letter demanding freedom of speech from the government after Li’s death in February.
She told me how she is still being constantly harassed by the authorities.
“How dare you stop me from talking?” She told one officer when he demanded she remove an article she wrote this month.
Guo is pessimistic, but she’s still fighting.
#李文亮 #郭于華 #何清漣
living local magazine 在 ajin Youtube 的最佳貼文
歡迎來觀看我的第一個ps3遊戲的影片,最後生還者(the last of us)。一開始就以悲劇開場阿,真是有夠沉重的,加上手把好不習慣,而且我的難度是選困難,真是有點頭痛。
FB粉絲頁 http://www.facebook.com/tttd3
hello~我是阿津,你對影片的支持與分享都是小頻道成長的動力喲~
點下訂閱按鈕,即時收到最新的影片發布動態
最後生還者(the last of us)恐怖冒險
以美國為故事的舞台,神秘寄生菌引發了人類瀕臨滅亡的危機
神秘寄生菌引發的瘟疫令世界人口銳減,各國政府瓦解。
20年後,荒廢城市的各個角落,逐漸被叢生的植物所佔據 。
一踏出被隔離的街道,四處盡是被蟲草真菌寄生的感染者們在蠢蠢欲動。雖然他們依感染程度的不同樣貌有所差異,但身心都被寄生菌剝奪的他們,目的只有一個,就是攻擊生還者、擴大感染。
影片清單 http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEzqZq_wDhpcZyI9wSj3d1hpNUYVSORKa&feature=edit_ok
In 2013, Joel is a single father living in Texas with his twelve-year-old daughter Sarah. One night, an outbreak of a mutant Cordyceps fungus ravages the United States, which transforms its human hosts into cannibalistic monsters. As Joel, his brother Tommy, and Sarah flee the chaos, Sarah is shot by a soldier and dies in Joel's arms.
In the 20 years that follow, much of civilization is destroyed by the infection. Survivors live in heavily policed quarantine zones, independent settlements, and nomadic groups. Joel works as a smuggler with his friend Tess in a quarantine zone in Boston. The pair hunt down a local gangster to recover a stolen weapons cache. Before Tess kills him, the smuggler reveals that he traded the goods to the Fireflies, a rebel group fighting against the quarantine zone authorities. The leader of the Fireflies, Marlene, promises to double their stolen cache in return for smuggling a teenage girl, Ellie, to Fireflies hiding outside the quarantine.
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