語言往往成為一個群體的重要識別與群體邊界,而語言的融合與創新往往也代表著族群之間相遇與交融。
這篇來自CUP上的文章,帶我們認識在澳門的曾經流行的「帕圖亞」語,也帶我們看到在這個語言背後的族群融合故事以及時代變遷。
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在語言學上,帕圖亞屬於「歸融語」(creole language),即人們將多種不同語言的詞彙和文法混合,自然演化而成的一種語言。帕圖亞大概源於 16 世紀上半葉的馬六甲(Malacca),當時葡萄牙在東非、阿拉伯海和印度洋等地建立了龐大的海洋帝國,馬六甲就是葡萄牙人在東南亞的重要據點。葡萄牙人、馬來亞人和華人等不同民族均於當地定居,葡文、粵語、馬拉語、果亞語等逐漸歸融,慢慢發展成「克里斯坦語」(Papiá Cristang)。
到了大約 17 世紀,克里斯坦語傳到另一個葡國殖民地澳門,成為當地土生葡人(Macanese)的主要語言帕圖亞。當時,葡萄牙殖民者與當地華人通婚,並逐漸形成歐亞混血兒群體,帕圖亞亦進一步在地化,增加了很多粵語詞彙。往後 200 年,帕圖亞是澳門土生葡人廣泛流通的語言,它有很多別稱,例如澳門語(língu maquista)及女人話(língua nhonha),並於 19 世紀最為興盛。
根據澳門研究學者黎若嵐的文獻回顧,帕圖亞在澳門社會扮演多重作用。一方面,帕圖亞不單是本地人之間的溝通方式,也便利葡萄牙人與本地人溝通。而語言也區分了當時澳門的社會階級,操標準葡文的人,通常是最上流階級,他們視帕圖亞為「破碎的葡文」(broken Portuguese)。另外帕圖亞可依次分為三種,第一種是仿照葡語的帕圖亞,然後是地道帕圖亞,最低級的是 macaísta fallado pelos chins,意即是華人講的帕圖亞。
(以上引用網頁原文)
https://www.cup.com.hk/2021/06/03/creole-language-patua/?fbclid=IwAR2Mr-DNy_GqYdMqsvp5YNf_W2xdJrk4H2Ee_dbkPA-8xEI7oBoZyY-uKUA#.YLg0Zb0ptV0.facebook
同時也有24部Youtube影片,追蹤數超過2萬的網紅Cass Chiu,也在其Youtube影片中提到,note: this video was made merely for fun/wasting time. there was no means to make fun of anyone. enjoy :)...
macanese 在 Quarter Square Facebook 的最讚貼文
💚 Turkish mug on Macanese green 🇲🇴
#quartersquare #taipavillage #macaushop #macaucoffee #lifestyle #lifestyleboutique #macaucafe #wowmacau #wowmacao #macaulifestyle #enamelware #handdipped
macanese 在 Facebook 的精選貼文
#輕量版在家TEA
#認得出喺邊度買嗎?
.
.
.
Four Seasons eshop: https://shopfourseasonshk.com/
🌟推介🌟
Scone $29@ (連clotted cream & jam)
Pandan and Kaya Macanese Egg Tart $15@
Coffee and Almond Marzipan Danish $29@
/
5月係忙碌嘅月份
除咗安排最少3場母親節飯
前後一定會遇上言爸爸生日
6日後就到我生日😝
言爸爸是喜歡甜食的男士
以往也常去酒店high tea慶祝生日
但隨著酒店pop-up bakery冒起
我覺得一個理想嘅Tea應該集各家之大成😂
Four Seasons 的Scone Danish Red Velvet cake 斑蘭蛋撻
配上半島的朱古力
如果加上九香嘅冬甩會更完滿(可惜我已經行到腳都跛🤣)
沒有一整個生日蛋糕因為近來吃的蛋糕也太多了
特此紀錄我和言爸爸第16次慶祝生日😌
#其實佢生日係琴日
#生日活動係佢單拖帶瞳妹妹去海洋公園😂
#好爸爸
#好老公
#向神隊友致敬
macanese 在 Cass Chiu Youtube 的最佳解答
note: this video was made merely for fun/wasting time. there was no means to make fun of anyone. enjoy :)
macanese 在 SHOOTANDCHOP Youtube 的最佳貼文
WE JOINED A MACAU FOODIE TO FIND OUT WHAT IS THE MUST TRY FOOD IN MACAU!
Macau is filled with hidden food gems and a huge thank you to Macau foodie @Macaueat for giving us a Macau food guide, showing us the Macau food must tries!
Check out his IG - @macaueat
In this Macau food guide we focused on two Macau eateries, Philo Cafe and On Kei. These two Macau restaurants offered very different Macau food but both are for sure must try foods in Macau.
Philo Cafe serves interestingly delicious Macau coffee cocktails and we also tried their amazing waffles from the secret menu.
At On Kei we tried some crazy Macanese food, the testicles and private parts of a bull. Surprisingly it was delicious and a very strange noodle dish that is a foodie must try in Macau.
There is so many more Macanese food and other Macau food to try. If you would like to see more Macau food guide videos with fellow Macau foodie and bloggers then make sure to let us know!
Thanks for watching his Macau travel guide and Macau food guide, we hope it helps you with your Macau china day trip or Macau holiday.
See you in the next Macau vlog, guide or travel video!
澳門美食博客將帶我們吃遍澳門必去的美食景點
很榮幸澳門美食博客 @Macaueat 能帶我們品嘗澳門街頭的各種隱世美食,到訪各個必去的美食景點
今集我們將帶你們到訪兩個美食景點,Philo Cafe 和 安記麵家。這兩家餐廳的菜單上有著兩種截然不同的特色澳門美食
在Philo Cafe, 你能嘗試到各種新式的咖啡特飲﹐而我們今次則品嘗了在隱藏菜單上的秘制荷蘭威夫餅
安記麵家也提供了獨特的澳門美食, 牛牛的私人部位, 牛春以及牛哥哥(牛鞭)﹐而這兩道菜的好吃程度肯定出乎你意料之外
澳門還有很多各式的隱世美食等你發掘,大家記得在留言寫下你的留言,下集將有更多美食博客帶你們訪更多美食景點
感謝收看澳門美食指南,希望本節目將帶你發掘更多澳門的好去處
我們下集再見吧!
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#Macaufood #Macau #Macauguide
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Here at Shoot and Chop we focus on making videos about Macau food, Macau attractions and how to best create your Macau itinerary. Often we are asked for Things to do in Macau or how to spend a Macau day trip from Hong Kong. We believe that our Macau travel guide videos will help you with your Macau holiday, showing you Where to go in Macau or What to do in Macau. Whether you are visiting Macau china for travel or for Macau's food, we believe that our videos will help with your Macau travel. We create weekly Macau china videos all about things to do in Macau or other Macau travel guide video. Make sure to keep up to date with our Macau vlogs and Macau china guides by subscribing and leaving us a like!
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? - MACAU TRAVEL VLOG GUIDE | STREET PHOTOGRAPHY MISSION | 澳門旅遊VLOG指南 | 街頭攝影任務
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlVQydefT2E&list=PLFlnaEqdPFk9uDfphPZDHMCwOTyHzQswR
? - MACAU'S HIDDEN CAFES AND THEIR AMAZING STORIES | 澳門神秘咖啡館和他們的了不起的故事
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSU9WY_YMnU&list=PLFlnaEqdPFk9uDfphPZDHMCwOTyHzQswR&index=3
? - THE DELICIOUSLY RARE SNACKS OF MACAU! | 澳門令人愉快的稀有零食!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLlkJvSTlNk&list=PLFlnaEqdPFk9uDfphPZDHMCwOTyHzQswR&index=4
macanese 在 SHOOTANDCHOP Youtube 的最佳解答
WE TAKE A LOOK AT ONE OF MACAU’S MOST POPULAR DISHES TO SEE WHY IT IS SO DELICIOUS AND WHO DOES IT BEST IN MACAU!
Minchi is a Macanese dish created in Macau with the fusion of Asian and Portuguese Cuisine. When discussing Macau food, the Minchi cannot be forgotten as one of Macau’s most popular and delicious food.
As Minchi is deep in Macau’s food history we wanted to see which Macau cafes and restaurants do it best. We explored Macau food to find three authentic Minchi creators in Macau that have truly amazing Macanese food and Minchi!
Thank you to these Macau cafes and restaurants for allowing us to come and eat their delicious Minchi!
Riquexo
Cafesab8
A Vencedora
Macau food is some of the most unique in the world and if you are looking for things to do in Macau, then we highly recommend trying the amazing Macau food especially the Minchi.
We hope this video helps you learn more about Macau food and Macanese dishes like the Minchi. If you enjoyed this Macau food guide then let us know.
Here at Shoot and Chop we focus on making videos about Macau food, Macau attractions and how to best create your Macau itinerary. Often we are asked for Things to do in Macau or how to spend a Macau day trip from Hong Kong. We believe that our Macau travel guide videos will help you with your Macau holiday, showing you Where to go in Macau or What to do in Macau. Whether you are visiting Macau china for travel or for Macau's food, we believe that our videos will help with your Macau travel. We create weekly Macau china videos all about things to do in Macau or other Macau travel guide video. Make sure to keep up to date with our Macau vlogs and Macau china guides by subscribing and leaving us a like!
我們看看澳門最受歡迎的食品之一,看看它是多麼的美味,而且哪裡最好吃!
免治是澳門創作的澳門菜,融合了亞洲和葡萄牙美食。在討論澳門美食時,免治不能被遺忘為澳門最受歡迎的美食之一。
由於免治深入澳門的美食歷史,我們希望看看哪家澳門咖啡館或餐廳製作得最好吃。我們探索了澳門的美食,找到了三位真正的免治創作者,他們擁有真正令人驚嘆的澳門美食和免治!
感謝這些澳門咖啡館和餐廳允許我們來品嚐他們美味的免治!
澳門美食是世界上最獨特的美食,如果你正在澳門尋找活動,我們推薦你品嚐美味的澳門美食,特別是免治。
我們希望這個視頻可以幫助你了解更多有關澳門食品和澳門菜的信息。如果你喜歡這次澳門美食指南,請告訴我們。
在Shoot and Chop,我們專注於製作有關澳門美食、澳門景點以及如何計劃最佳澳門行程的視頻。我們經常被要求在澳門可以做些事情,或者如何來澳門一日遊。我們相信,我們的澳門旅遊指南視頻會幫助你來澳門旅遊,告訴你澳門的旅遊景點或澳門的旅遊活動。無論你是前往澳門旅遊,還是品嚐澳門美食,我們相信我們的視頻將有助於你的澳門行程。我們每週都會製作澳門視頻,包括澳門或其他澳門旅遊指南視頻。請訂閱和讚好我們的專頁,得到我們的澳門vlog和澳門指南的最新信息!
#Macau #Macaufood #Macauguide
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▄▄▄▄▄▄▄? More Videos ?▄▄▄▄▄▄▄
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QlVQydefT2E&list=PLFlnaEqdPFk9uDfphPZDHMCwOTyHzQswR
? - MACAU'S HIDDEN CAFES AND THEIR AMAZING STORIES | 澳門神秘咖啡館和他們的了不起的故事
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSU9WY_YMnU&list=PLFlnaEqdPFk9uDfphPZDHMCwOTyHzQswR&index=3
? - THE DELICIOUSLY RARE SNACKS OF MACAU! | 澳門令人愉快的稀有零食!
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nLlkJvSTlNk&list=PLFlnaEqdPFk9uDfphPZDHMCwOTyHzQswR&index=4